194 GENERAL HISTOEY OF THE INFrSOEIA. 



red tint ; and on one occasion, while watching a litter in rapid motion within 

 the encysted body of E. viridis, the capsule gave way, and they came out one 

 after another just as zoospores escape from the spore-capsule ; but, from their 

 incessant and vigorous movement, I was imable to follow them long enough 

 to make out anything more about them." 



This same observer, moreover, refers to a rhizopodous development of the 

 nucleus of Euglena, whereby the form of an " actinophorous Rluzopocl " is 

 assumed, from which, in his opinion, young Euglence are probably developed. 



Perty, again, records some original observations on the development of 

 Euglence from ovules or, as he terms them, germs (Keime). At p. 79 he 

 states that, among numerous veiy minute resting germs, intermingled with 

 larger indi\-iduals, some were seen to acquire the faculty of motion, to stretch 

 themselves out, and to assume the form of Cereomonas. Between such and 

 completely-formed Euglence every intermediate size occurred. The motionless 

 spheroidal germs set free by the dissolution of the parent-cell soon develope 

 a tapering extremity, terminated by a locomotive filament, at the base of 

 which is a hyaline space, and in and near to this a dark speck which subse- 

 quently changes to red. The differentiation of the homogeneous contents of 

 the granules, out of which the germs are to be developed, takes place at a very 

 early period, but not in the same way or time in all specimens ; neither do 

 aU. the young of a brood attain the same dimensions and figure ; indeed but 

 few attain a considerable size, and many acquire an abnormal figiu^e. For 

 example, Perty regards AmhJgoplils viridis as only an accidental variety of 

 Euglena, of large size and trimcate at one end ; for he has remarked nimierous 

 small indi\iduals, derived from a Euglence, also with a truncated extremity. 

 Further, he reports the multiplied varieties in form, in colour, and in arrange- 

 ment of contents, &c., which occur in collections of the same species of 

 Euglena, and adds that the great differences exhibited by E. viridis, when in a 

 dying condition, are most varied and inexjilicable. In illustration of this 

 opinion, he remarks that the utmost variety of fonn oeciu's ; or all the vesicles 

 and granules change to a red colour or become transparent ; or the vesicles 

 vanish and the green mass contracts itself into a small ball, or otherwise dis- 

 appears, leaving only an empty shell. In the last-named state the stigma 

 often retains a black coloiu\ The empty envelopes frequently accumulate so 

 as to form masses resembling a vegetable cellular tissue, and in one instance 

 approached, bj^ mutual pressiu^e, a regular hexagonal figure. Some such acci- 

 dental groupings of \\dthered Euglena-eells have been, as Perty believes, 

 described under the name of Pcdmella botri/oides by Kiitzing ; and Cereomonas 

 vhmlis, and also probably Bodo viridis, are merely phases of development of 

 Euglena viridis. 



There is a distinct concordance between Carter's and Forty's account of 

 the development of the contents of Euglena' into minute germinal bodies, or, 

 as we may legitimately call them, microgonidia ; and, on the other hand, the 

 formation of two- and four-fission products (in other words, the formation 

 of macrogonidia from these beings in their still-condition) has been a matter 

 of direct observation. Consequently the developmental history of Euglena is 

 so far complete ; and it only remains for naturalists to witness the actual 

 relation, the contact and incorporation of the micro- with the macrogonidia, 

 to bring this genus within the same pale as Volvox, in reference to its 

 sexuality. 



Mr. Carter has reverted to his notes on the ovules or germs of Euglena, in 

 his just-published paper on Eudorina {A. N. H. 1858, ii. p. 245), in the 

 following remarks : — " There is no doubt that E. viridis becomes chstended 

 with the cells which T have heretofore described, and thouo'ht to be ovules 



