OF THE TRACBLELIN'A. 



623 



cilia are disposed in rows ; those at the mouth are longer, and form, as in 

 Stentor, a spii^al Avreath around it ; in >S^. amhiguum the brow and wreath are 

 remarkably long. Vacuoles, to the number of ninety, have been seen filled 

 with coloured food, and the discharge of the latter observed. The anus is 

 placed at the posterior extremity. [A band-like thick gland (nucleus) is seen in 

 S. virens, and a bead-like one in other species.] The former likewise possesses 

 a large contractile vesicle, and green granules ; in S. amhiguum the granules 

 are white. Self-division has not been observed, but Ehrenberg presumes that 

 it takes place transversely. 



The band-like or moniliform gland mentioned by Ehrenberg is in fact a 

 pulsating vessel extending almost the entire length of the animalcule. The 

 genus does not belong to Trachelina, but to a family represented by Stentor y 

 which Lachmann and others would establish with the name of Stentorina. 

 Perty transfers Sj)irostomum to Urceolarina, in which family it is imited with 

 Stentor, CcenomorpTm, and Urocentrum. (See remarks on Yoeticellina, 

 p. 579.) 



Spirostomum virens (^Bursaria spiri- 

 gera, D.) (xxrv. 296*). — Ovate-elongate, 

 depressed ; truncated anterior!}^, and 

 rounded posteriorly. The back is arched, 

 and the imder side flat. The green gra- 

 nules are sometimes absent (f. 296*). 

 1-120" j ova 1-6000". 



S. amhiquum {Leucoplirys \Tricliodc{\ 

 ambigua, M.) (xxiv. 297, 298.)— "WTiite, 

 cyHndrical, filiform, flexible ; obtuse an- 

 teriorly, trmicated posteriorly ; an elon- 

 gated frontal region or brow extends be- 

 yond the mouth. The long vibrating 

 cilia in front often appear like a pro- 

 boscis, and were mistaken for such by 

 Miiller. The structure of this creature 

 is remarkable, especially the mouth, 

 which is only one-fifth from the tail ; 

 thus the frontal region or brow is very 

 long, and the alimentary canal (adds 

 Ehr.), first inflected forwards, returns 



along the body. From the mouth to the 

 anterior or top of the brow runs a long 

 ciliated fm-row (xxiv. 297 and 298). In 

 swdmniing, they extend themselves, and 

 are readily perceived by the naked eye. 

 In ditches, among decaying oak-leaves 

 and rotten wood. 1-12". 



Both Dujardin and Perty consider this 

 animalcide to be the same as that other- 

 wise described by Ehrenberg as Uro- 

 lejjtus Filum. 



S. sempervirescens (Perty). — Body 

 round, fiUed "^dth green granides ; tail 

 broad, flat, and colomless. CiHa at 

 anterior extremity, clearly seen. The 

 gTeen colour was probably due to the 

 food. 1-96". Among Lemnae, but only 

 once. 'It is allied to Kondylostoma 

 (Duj.), which differs from it by its 

 marine habitat. 



Genus PHIALIXA (XXIV. 299).— The frontal ciliated portion is sepa- 

 rated from the non- ciliated body by a constriction or neck ; mouth lateral, 

 devoid of teeth. The motion of these creatures is due to the powerful 

 wreath of cilia over the mouth. Ehrenberg says, cilia may possibly be 

 present upon the sm^face of the body, since Miiller described them in Trichoda 

 mellitea. A contractile vesicle (perhaps two) is situated posteriorly. Self- 

 division probably transverse. 



Dujardin rejects this genus ; and, in Perty' s opinion, the animalcules it 

 includes are no other than more contracted and ^^ounger sj^ecimens of Tra- 

 chelocerca linguifera or of Lacryynaria. Amongst them are siDccimens with 

 an evident terminal flap or tongue, and others with incompletely developed 

 necks. Their movements are rapid. (See notes on Lacktmaeia, p. 609.) 



attenuated; neck very short, 1-280". 



Phialina vermicularis (TricJioda ver- 

 micalaris, M.). — Ovate, attenuated an- 

 teriorly ; neck verv short ; colour white. 

 With Lenmfe. 1-240". 



P. viridis (xxiv. 299).— Bottled-shaped, 

 anterior part acute, the posterior gradually 



There is nothing distinctive in the 

 assigned characters of this species ; the 

 slight difference in form may arise from 

 the varpng amount of contraction. The 

 green colom' is valueless. 



