200 



DESCRIPTIONS OF ANTIBIOTICS 



influenza PR 8 virus, proi)ably by direct inacti- 

 vation of free virus particles (2). 



Toxicity: LDjo (mice) 40 mg per kg intraperi- 

 toneally. 

 References: 



1. Higo, N. et al. Japan. J. Microliiol. 1: 91- 

 97, 1957. 

 * 2. Miyakawa, T. et al. Japan. J. Microbiol. 



2: 53-62, 1958. 



Antibiotic GB/229 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. possibly related 

 to S. rose us. 



Method of extraction: Adsorl)ed on Darco G-60 

 from broth-filtrate at pH 6.0 to 6.6. Eluted with 

 dilute aqueous HCl (pH 3.0) and eluate lyophil- 

 ized. Precipitated from an aqueous solution on ad- 

 dition of acetone. Purified by salt interconversion. 



Chemical and physical properties: Hydrochloride: 

 Very soluble in water. [ol\t> = —32.5° (in w^ater). 

 No absorption of ultraviolet light. Infrared spec- 

 trum not very characteristic. Positive ToUen and 

 Fehling tests; weakly positive ninhydrin and biu- 

 ret tests; negative Molisch and Schiff tests. N = 

 13.49%; CI = 20.4%. Stable l)etween pH 2.5 and 

 8.0 and at room temperature. Rf = 0.90 (3 per 

 cent ammonium chloride); = 0.15 (acetone-HoO, 

 1:1). The reineckate and helianthate are hardly 

 soluble in water, the picrate slightly soluble. 



Biological activity: Active on gram-positive and 

 gram-negative bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, and 

 yeasts at 1 to 20 )ug per ml. Active on Fs. aeruginosa 

 at 50 Mg per ml. Cross-resistance with neomycin 

 and streptomycin. 



Toxicity: LD50 (rats) 20 mg per kg intrave- 

 nously. 



Reference: 1. Rolland, G. et al. Rass. med. 

 sper. 3: 1-6, 1956. 



Antibiotic J 4 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. belonging to the 

 S. fungicidicus "group G." 



Method of extraction: Broth-filtrate extracted 

 with ethyl acetate at pH 4.0. Concentrated extract 

 passed through an alumina column, mixed with 

 water, and solvent evaporated off in vacuo. Yellow 

 precipitate dissolved in ether. Ether concentrated 

 to precipitate J4. Recrystallized from methanol 

 and chloroform. 



Chemical and physical properties: White needles; 

 m.p. 175°C. Very soluble in alcohol and ether; 

 fairly soluble in ethyl acetate, acetone, and chloro- 

 form; insoluble in water. No characteristic ultra- 

 violet absorption spectrum. C = 66.79S'o; H = 

 6.48%; N = 10.33%; O = 17.40^.o. Negative nin- 



hydrin, Sakaguchi, biuret, Millon, Molisch, Seli- 

 wanoff, FeCla , Tollen, and Fehling tests. 



Biological activity: Active on gram-positive bac- 

 teria, including Mycobacterium avium. 



Reference: 1. Taguchi, H. and Nakano, A. J. 

 Fermentation Technol. 35: 145-149, 1957. 



Antibiotic K 125a 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. This organism 

 produces at least two antibiotics. 



Chemical and physical properties: Yellow pow- 

 der; m.p. 194°C (decompoisition). Insoluble or 

 sparingly soluble in water, ether, ethyl acetate, 

 and acetone. Readily soluble in alcohols. Nega- 

 tive Sakaguchi, Millon, biuret, and FeCls tests. 

 Purple color in concentrated H2SO4 . Stable be- 

 tween pH and 8. 



Biological activity: Primarily active on gram- 

 positive bacteria. Some gram-negative bacteria 

 and fungi also inhibited. 



Reference: 1. Okuda, T. et al. J. Antibiotics 

 (Japan) 7B: 4-6, 1954. 



.\ntibiotic L. A. 7017 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Method of extraction: Broth-filtrate extracted 

 with ethyl acetate at pH 2.0. Extracts distilled to 

 dryness in vacuo under N2 . Residue dissolved in 

 acetone and chromatographed on alumina. Active 

 fractions concentrated under N2 . Isopropyl ether 

 is added to concentrate, and mixture concentrated 

 in vacuo until a flocculent green-yellow precipitate 

 forms. Purification by countercurrent distribu- 

 tion (phosphate buffer pH 7.3 — Initanol, 1:1). Ad- 

 dition of petroleum ether to active fractions causes 

 activity to transfer to aqueous phase, which is 

 extracted at pH 2.5 with ethyl acetate. Extract 

 concentrated in vacuo, and antibiotic precipitated 

 on addition of isopropyl ether. 



Chemical and physical properties: Acidic. Green- 

 yellow powder; m.p. 154-157°C (decomposition). 

 [a]f = —155° (c = 0.4 per cent in ethanol). C = 

 56.99%; H = 7.18%. No N, S, P, or halogens. Very 

 soluble in most organic solvents. Insoluble in di- 

 alkyl ethers, petroleum ether, and ligroin. Fairly 

 soluble in bicarbonate, with CO2 evolution, and in 

 alkaline or neutral buffers. Slightly soluble in 

 water. Decolorizes KMn04 . Does not absorb Br2 

 and gives a brown color with FeCh . Negative 

 Fehling test. pK' = 5.0 and pK" = 9.5. Ultravio- 

 let absorption spectrum maxima (methanol) at 

 280.5 mfj. {Elfra 470) and 430 m^ (jEIL 103). Infra- 

 red spectrum given in reference 1. 



Biological activity: Active on gram-positive bac- 



