DESCRIPTIONS OF ANTIBIOTICS 



205 



Antibiotic SAX 10 



Produced by: Streptomyces aureits. 



Synonyms: Resembles antitumor tuitil)iotic 289. 

 The authors (1) state that it is related to luteo- 

 mycin, but differs in ultraviolet absorption, solu- 

 bility, and biological activity. 



Method of extraction: Agar plate cultures ex- 

 tracted with acetone or acidic water. Extracted 

 from the water with ethyl acetate, butanol, chloro- 

 form, or benzene. Recrystallized from benzene- 

 petroleum ether. 



Chemical and physical piopciiics: Brown-orange 

 needles. Blackens at 150-160°C; no melting point 

 up to 250°C. Soluble in chloroform, acetone, meth- 

 anol, and benzene. Slightly .solul)le in water and 

 petroleum ether. Ultraviolet absorption spectrum 

 maxima at 215, 255, and 430 mn in 0.1 A' HCl. 

 Infrared absorption spectrimi given in reference 

 1. Negative ninhydrin, Molisch, xanthoproteic, 

 and Tollen tests. Purple color in 10 per cent so- 

 dium carbonate solution; deep orange in concen- 

 trated H2SO4 . Alcoholic solution turns purple on 

 addition of magnesium acetate. Data on paper 

 chromatographic behavior given in reference 1. 

 C29H33NO9 ± CH2: C = 64.78%; H = fi.43%; 

 N = 2.51%. No halogen or S. Hydrochloride: 

 Solul)le in methanol, acetone, and water. Spar- 

 ingly soluble in ether and benzene. 



Biological activity: Active on gram-positive bac- 

 teria. Inactive on mycol)acteria, gram-negative 

 l)acteria, and fungi. 



Reference: 1. Kinoshita, S. ami Nakayama, K. 

 J. Antibiotics (Japan) 9B: 319-323, 1956. 



Antibiotic SKCC l.JTT 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Method of extraction: Extraction of culture-fil- 

 trate with benzene. Concentration in vacuo, back- 

 extraction with 0.05 A' HCl, lyophilization. 



Chemical and physical properties: Red-brown 

 powder. Soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. 

 Insoluble in ether or benzene. In aqueous solution, 

 yellow at acid or neutral reaction and purple at 

 alkaline ])H. Unstable at alkaline reaction. Is 

 stable for 10 minutes at 100°C, pH 3.5. Picrate 

 crystals melt with decomposition at 165-168°C. 

 Maximal light absorption of the picrate at 245 and 

 255 n\fx. 



Biological activity: Active against gram-posi- 

 tive bacteria, but not active against E. coli and 

 fungi. 



Toxicity: LD50 (mice) 5 mg per kg intraperi- 

 toneally. 



Reference: 1. Reilly, H. C. Bacteriol. Proc. 

 26. 1952. 



Antibiotic X 2(»6 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Method of extraction: Can be extracted from 

 both the mycelium and the broth-filtrate. Broth 

 extraction: extraction with butyl acetate, concen- 

 tration in vacuo, back-extraction with phosphate 

 buffer (pH 8.9). Mycelium extraction: extraction 

 with ethanol and methanol, concentration in 

 vacuo, extraction with butyl acetate, back-extrac- 

 tion with phosphate butter (pH 8.9). Further puri- 

 fication of l)otli extracts by chromatography on 

 alumina. 



Chemical and physical properties: Colorless or- 

 ganic acid; m.p. 126-128°C. [aJc = +15.0° in 

 methanol. No characteristic absorption in the 

 ultraviolet. Unstable at acid reaction or in alkaline 

 solutions. Soluble in alcohols, esters, acetone, 

 ether, and petroleum ether. Insoluble in water 

 and alkali. C46-47H80-82O1;! . 



Biological activity: Active in vitro against gram- 

 positive bacteria and mycobacteria. Not active in 

 vivo against bacterial and protozoan infections. 



Toxicity: LD50 (mice) 11 mg per kg subcutane- 

 ously. 



Reference: 1. Berger, J. et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 

 73: 5295-5298, 1951. 



Aiiiibiotic X :u(i 



Produced by: Streptomyces sp. 



Synonyms: May be related to resist omycin. 

 Nucleus similar to that of the tetracyclines. 



Method of extraction: Broth-filtrate extracted 

 with ether at pH 4.5. Evaporation of ether. Crys- 

 tallization from ethanol, methanol, or dimethyl- 

 formamide. Mycelial mat extracted in a Soxhlet 

 apparatus with petroleum ether to remove inac- 

 tive impurities, then with ether followed by chlo- 

 roform. Also extracted from the dried, powdered 

 mycelium with butanol. Butanol concentrated in 

 vacuo, filtered to remove inactive precipitates, 

 then evaporated to dryness. Residue dissolved in 

 0.1 X NaOH, filtered, then acidified to precipitate 

 the antibiotic. 



Chemical ami physical properties: Bright yellow 

 needles; m.p. 330-331 °C (decomposition). Solul)le 

 in ether, chloroform, carljon tetrachloride, ethyl 

 acetate, n-butanol, ethanol, methanol, dimethyl- 

 formamide, and pyridine. Sparingly soluble in 

 water, acetone, benzene, and petroleum ether. 

 Alkaline solution is dark red. Positive FeCls test. 

 Negative 2,4-(linitroj)henylliy(lrazine reaction. 

 No N, halogen, or S. C-nR-^A), : C = 70.31%; 

 H = 5.01%; C-CH3 = 4.68%. Molecular weight 

 (Rast) 404 it 40. pKa = 7.66. Infrared spectrum 

 given in reference 1. Ultraviolet absorption spec- 



