DKSCRIPTIOXS OF AXTIBIO PIC'S 



;;()i 



3. Sokolski, W. T. (7 III. Antibiotics & C'hciiio- 



therapy 4: 1057-10(30, 1954. 



4. Paleiicia, L. et al. Rev. inst. saluliridad 



y eufermedad trop. (Alex.) 14: lli-i-lK), 

 1954. 



5. Djerassi, C. et al. J. Am. C'hein. Soc. ~i\: 



1729-1732, 1956. 

 (5. Djerassi, C. and Zderic, J. A. J. Am. Chem. 

 Soc. 78: 6390-6395, 195(;. 



7. DeSomer, P. Giorn. mic-rohioi. 2; 216- 



232, 1956. 



8. Anliker, R. et al. Helv. Chim. Acta 39: 



1785-1790, 1956. 



9. Woodward, R. B. Aiigew. Chom. 69: 50- 



58, 1957. 

 10. Taguchi, H. and Nakano, A. J. Fermenta- 

 tion Technol. 35: 191-195, 1957. 



Mi 



am^cin 



Prcxhii-etl hi/: Strept(n)nices sp. resembling (S. 

 aDihofaciens. 



Remarks: Belongs to the eryt hrnnix cin-like 

 group. Culture also produces spiramycin. 



Method of extraction: Broth extracted with chlo 

 roform, n-l)Utanol, or ethyl acetate at pH 8.5. 

 Purification l)y repeated extraction into water at 

 1)H 4.5 and back-extraction into solvent al pH 

 8.5, then fractional precipitation from a mixhirc 

 of ether-petroleum ether. Crystallized from ether. 

 Further purification by countercurrent distribu- 

 tion (ethyl acetate-0.1 .1/ phosphate bulTcr ])H 

 6.9). 



('hei)iical ami phi/sicul properties: Soluble in 

 lower alcohols, dilute acids, chloroform, acetone, 

 ethyl acetate, and benzene. Slightly solul)le in 

 water, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, and 

 petroleum ether (40-60°C); m.p. 221-222°C (de- 

 composition). [a\f = —18° ((■ = 1 per cent in 0.02 

 N hydrochloric acidj. Optically inactive in 0.02 N 

 HCl. Ultraviolet absorption spectrum maxinuun 

 at 230 m^i (broad peak). Infrared absorption spec- 

 trum given in reference 1. Decolorizes 2 per cent 

 KMnOi in acetone in the cold but does not react 

 with Br in CCh . Positive Molisch and Elson- 

 Morgan tests. Negative ninhydrin test. Dissolves 

 in concentrated H2S()4 with a light yellow color 

 which fades on dilution with water. C = 61.45%; 

 H = 8.65'; c; N (Dumas) = 2.32%. Acid hydrolysis 

 with A^ HCl at 60°C for 24 hours yields two spots 

 when chromatographed on ])aper strijjs (water- 

 saturated 10 per cent acetic acid in n-bu(anol) 

 and sprayed with ammoniacal AgNO^ ; the spots 

 are identical to tho.se from erythromycin under 

 the same conditions (1). ProbaJjly a member of the 

 macrolide group (2). 



liiiilixiical actirity: Active on gram-])osit ive l)ac 

 teria. Shows cross-resistance with erythromycin 

 and carbomycin. Protects mice against infections 

 with D. pneiDiKiiiKie. 



T<).cicit!/: Mice tolerate 750 mg i^er kg intraperi- 

 toneally, and 580 mg per kg orally. 



Referenees: 



1. Schmitz, H. et al. Antibiotics <S[ Chenu)- 



therapy 7: 37-39, 1957. 



2. Brink, X . (1. and Harman, R. K. (^uart. 



Revs. (London) 12:93-115,1958. 



iMicrocins 



Produced hi/: M icciDiKniosporit sp. 



Method of extraction: Broth-tilt rate extracted 

 with ethyl acetate at i)H 2.0. Extract shaken with 

 pH 7.0 phosphate liuffer. l']thyl acetate layer con- 

 tains microcin .\. Bul'fer layer re-extracted into 

 ethyl acetate at ])H 2.0 to give microcin B. 



Cheinieal and phi/sieal properties: Mierocui .\ : 

 Xeutral, reddish violet substance. Insoluble in 

 water. Microcin B: Acidic, yellowish red sub- 

 stance. Slightly soluble in water. Both sul)stances 

 give negative Moliscdi and FeCl:; tests. 



Bioloijical actiritji: Active on Sacch . fornioscn.^is 

 and gram-positive bacteria. Less active on gram- 

 negative bacteria. 



Toxicitji: LI);,(i (mice) 625 mg ])er kg intrave- 

 nously. 



Reference: 1. Taira, T. and Fujii, S. J. Aiiti 

 biotics (Japan) 5: 185-187, 1952. 



Micrimnmosporiii 



Produced hi/: M icrontonospora s]). (1). 



Method of extraction: Precipitated, with loss of 

 activity, l)y 50 to 90 per cent ethanol or acetone, 

 and without loss of activity by saturation of 

 broth-filtrate with (XH4)2S()4 to 50 to 75 per cent 

 (3). Chocolate-brown precipitate dissolved in 5 

 per cent XaCl solution and dialyzed against tap 

 water, then distilled water. Solution lyophilized. 

 Could also l)e adsorbed on Xorit, but not eluted 

 with aqueous buffer solutions or conunon organic 

 solvents (2). 



Chemical ami phi/sical properties: Highly ])ig- 

 mented protein, jjrobably associated with a carbo- 

 hydrate moiety. Water-soluble. Insoluble in ether, 

 alcohol, or acetone. Destroyed l)y concentrated 

 acid, at high i)H, or by heat. Not destroyed by 

 pepsin or trypsin. Positive Molisch test. Negative 

 phloroglucinol, orcinol, and najihthoresorcinol 

 reactions. X = 6.7%. After acid hydrolysis, gives 

 5.5 per cent amino N (1-3). 



Biological actirity: Active on gram-])osilive l)ac- 



