dishing.] dO-j [Soy. 6, 



too, Major J. W. Powell, Director of the Bureau of American Ethuologj-, 

 provisionallj^ granted me leave, and promise of official recognition and 

 assistance in the conduct of this proposed expedition in the joint interest 

 of the Bureau itself, and of the Department of Archteology of the Uni- 

 versity of Pennsylvania. 



Funds were placed at my disposal by Dr. Pepper late in November, 

 1896, and happily I was able to secure the volunteer services of Mr. 

 AVells M. Sawj^er, to be Artist and Photographer of the expedition ; of 

 Mr. Irving Sayford, of Harrisburg, to be its Field Secretary ; and, for a 

 small salary, of Mr. Carl F. W. Bergmann, previously trained as a 

 Preparator of Collections, in the United States National Museum. 



The Clyde Line Steamship Company again laid us under obligation 

 by furnishing passes for all of these gentlemen, from New York City to 

 Jacksonville and Sanford. They left Washington on the fourth day 

 of December. Two daj's later, Mrs. Cushing and I left overland, and 

 joined them at Jacksonville. Without delay we proceeded thence via 

 Sanford, to Tarpon Springs. 



Explorations in the Region ok Takpon Springes. 



Unfortunately I found that the Silver Spray had but recently been 

 sent away on another sponging cruise, and that I could not expect her 

 return for some time. Anxious as I was to proceed with the explora- 

 tion of the shores and keys further to the southward, nevertheless, it 

 became necessarj"-, in order that time be not lost, to prosecute investiga- 

 tions in the less novel, but still, archseologically rich fields around Tar- 

 pon Springs and in the region of the x\nclote river, — ^upon a bayou of 

 which this beautiful little winter resort was situated. 



Since Mr. Clarence B. Moore, of this city, has for a number of years 

 conducted, with rare skill and great success, explorations among mounds 

 and the ancient camp sites of other more easterly portions of Florida 

 and since the collections he has gathered there, more or less resem- 

 ble those that we were able to gather in the burial mounds and camp 

 sites of the Tarpon Springs region, and have been admirably illus- 

 trated to the world in his various monographs, I will, in this paper, 

 pass over the results of our explorations there very lightly. 



We met helpful friends at Tarpon Springs. Messrs. Cheyney and 

 Marvin assigned to us comfortable quarters in one of their hotel cot- 

 tages and subsequentlj' aided us in many ways ; and it was my especial 

 good fortune to meet Mr. Leander T. Satibrd, adopted son of the 

 founder of Tarpon Springs, and to be conducted bj' him, on the very 

 day of our arrival, to an ancient burial mound lying at the foot of the 

 village, on land belonging to the Satford Estates. This little mound 

 was low and apparently unimportant, for it had been superficially hon- 

 eycombed by relic hunters ; yet a few scattered fragments of bone, 

 associated with mortuary potsherds, indicated to nu' not onlj' that it iiad 

 been extraordinarily rich in l)urials, l)ut, also, that in its depths many of 



