1896.] ^Id [Smith. 



Marine Fossils from the Coal Measures of Arkansas.* 



By James Perrin Smith. 



{Read before the American Philosophical Society, October 2, 1S96.) 



Contents. page. 



Preface by J. C. Branner 214 



Introduction 314 



Localities Discovered by the Survey 215 



Lower Coal Measures 316 



Upper Coal Measures 219 



Fayetteville Shale 321 



Comparison with the Permo-Carbouiferous of Kansas and Nebraska 321 



Relations to the Texas Upper Carboniferous 323 



Comparison with Foreign Upper Carboniferous 223 



The Lo-ping Fauna of China 223 



The Salt Range Beds of India 224 



The Itaituba Fauna, Brazil 225 



Classification and Age of the Arkansas Coal Measures 225 



Provisional Classification 225 



The Lower Coal Measures 226 



The Upper Coal Measures 226 



Paleobotanic Evidence 237 



The Pacific Carboniferous Sea 228 



Revolution in Devonian Times 228 



The Carboniferous Sea 229 



Upper Carboniferous in the West 230 



The Pawhuski Limestone 230 



Intercliange of Life between East and "West 331 



Replacement of Limestones by the Coal-bearing Formations 



in Western Europe 333 



Land Areas in the West 332 



The Permian Pacific Ocean 232 



The Triassic Pacific Ocean 233 



Time of the Ouachita Uplift 233 



Correlation Table of the Coal Measures of Arkansas 234 



Descriptions of the Coal Measure Marine Fossils 235 



Tabulated List of the Marine Fossils of the Coal Measures of 



Arkansas 274 



Explanation of Plates 283 



Plate xvi. Plate xxi.. 



Plate xvii. Plate xxii. 



Plate xviii. Plate xxiii. 



Plate xix. Plate xxiv. 



Plate XX. 



* An abstract of this paper was published in Journal of Geology, V ol. li, No. 2, pp. 187. 

 204. 



