1896.] ^^^ [Smith. 



Waagen, in the Paleontologia Indica, and in the volume on Geolo(jicnl 

 Results he draws some very interesting parallels between the faunas of 

 the Upper Carboniferous in different countries. Many of the American 

 species that are found at Lo ping are also found in the Salt Range beds. 

 This same type of Carboniferous is found on Sumatra, where it has been 

 described 1)y Ferd. Roemer,* and on Timor, where it was described by 

 E. Bey rich, t 



This is the furthest southward that the Indian or northern type of 

 Upper Carboniferous is known, and indeed the deposits of Sumatra and 

 Timor begin to show already a greater affinity for the Australian or 

 southern deposits. 



Waagen:f divides the Carboniferous into two types — the northern, or 

 Asiatic, and the southern, or Australo-African. The northern type is 

 found in western Europe, Russia, the Himalayas, China, the Arctic 

 regions, and North America. The southern type is developed in South 

 Africa and Australia, and extends into Peninsular India and Afghan- 

 istan. Brazil probably belongs to this type, but is to a certain extent 

 transitional. 



The Itnituha Fauna, Brazil. 



A comparison of the Brazilian Upper Carboniferous fauna, as described 

 by Prof. O. A. Derby, § shows that of twenty-seven species of Brachio- 

 poda twelve are identical with American forms, although most of these 

 are cosmopolitan. The genus Strophalosia is common in these beds, and 

 as Prof. Derby II says, the species shows affinity^ with the Permian. 

 Many of the new species are closely related to European forms. Prof. 

 W. Waagen, T[ says that the beds of Itaituba are of the same age as the 

 Middle Productus Limestone of India, that is of the Permo-Carboniferous 

 transition beds. The Brazilian Strophalosia is closely related to Austra- 

 lian forms, indicating a closer connection with the Australian or southern 

 Carboniferous region than with the Pacitic province. 



Cl.vssificatton and Age op the Arkansas Coal Measures.** 



Pi'ovisional Classification . 



The Coal Measures of Arkansas have been temporarily classified by 

 the Survey, for the sake of convenience, as Upper or Productive, and 

 Lower or Barren Coal Measures. The division is not based on any 



* Palseontographica, Vol. xxvii, 1880. 



\ Abhandlungen dcr Berliner AkacUmie der Wissenschoften, 1865. 



X Salt Range Fossils, Geological Results, p. 239. 



I Bulletin Cornell University, Vol. i, No. 2, and Journal GeoL, Vol. ii, pp. 480-.501. 



II loc. tit , p. 60. 



If i>aft Range Foisils, Geological Residts, p. 207. 



**The writer is greatly indebted to Messrs. E. T. Bumble and W. F. Cummins of the 

 Geological Survey of Texas, for their kindness and courtesy to him in the Texas Museum, 

 a Ifo for valuable aid in the correlation of the Coal Measures of Arkansas and Texa.s. 



PROC. AMER. PHILOS. SOC. XXXV. 152. 2 C. PRINTED DEC. 3, 1896. 



