Smith.] ^'^^ [Oct. 2^ 



is in accordance ■with tlie phenomenon described by Prof. C. D. Wal- 

 cott in' Monograph viii, U. S. Geological Survey, from the Eureka dis- 

 trict, Nevada, where a Waverly fauna occurs three thousand feet above 

 the base of the Carboniferous formation. The same thing has been ob- 

 served by the writer in the Carboniferous of Sliasta county, California.* 

 The Lower Carboniferous limestones can be traced all through the 

 West and the Mississippi vallej', to the base of the Appalachian moun- 

 tains, where they are replaced by conglomerates and other coarse 

 sediments. 



Upper Carboniferous in the West. 



Of the Upper Carboniferous all that we know west of Indian Ter- 

 ritory takes on a decidedly marine character, contaiaiing thick beds ot' 

 limestones. There are however some thin beds of coal in Texas, and 

 some carbonaceous seams with a few land plants in New Mexico and 

 Nevada. The coal \i\ Texas was probabl}^ deposited near the southern 

 shore line of the Carboniferous sea, and the carbonaceous seams in the 

 far West probably belong to the insular areas. The fossils described 

 from the western Carboniferous are all marine,, with the slight excep- 

 tion that Walcottf mentions a few specimens of pulmonate Gasteropoda 

 that were found along with brachiopods, corals and land plants, evi- 

 dently washed in from a distance, since no terrestrial Carboniferous de- 

 posits are known near the Eureka district. 



llie Pawltu^ki Limestone.. 



In the the eastern part of Indian Territory are found large deposits of 

 coal in the Upper Coal Measures, but further west the same horizon is 

 represented by mtirine limestone. In 1893, Mr. H. C. Hoover, of the 

 Geological Survey of Arkansas, found at the Government lime-kiln, 

 three miles northwest of Pawhuski, Oklahoma Territory, Osage 

 agency, a bed of massive limestone about 100 feet thick, lying horizon- 

 tally on heavily bedded sandstones. The limestone is fossiliferous, but 

 the sandstones are not. The fossils collected were placed at my dis- 

 posal, and on examination they proved to be ;. 



Spirifer cameratus Morton. 



Athyris suhtilita Hall sp. 



Productus seniireticulatus Martin, sp.. 



Productus nebrascensis Owen. 



Productus splendens Norwood and Prat ten. 



Derbyia erassa Meek and Hay den. 



These are plainly of Upper Carboniferous age. Tlic limestones cap 

 the hills in that region, and spread over a gi'cat area, but fossils were- 

 collected at this place only. 



* Journal of Geology, Vol. ii, Xo. 6, pp. 588-(".r-'. 

 t Mon. viii. U. S. Geol. Survei/, p. 262.. 



