Brinton.] 40 [Feb. 7, 



with the Punic and Berber dialects with which one should be 

 equipped to approach the question from that more difficult side. 



For the Numidian or Libyan epigraphy I have depended upon 

 the Collection of General Faidherbe,* and the admirable Essay of 

 Prof. Halevy.f Even with these materials I believe more could 

 be accomplished than I have attempted, and the most that I hope 

 from this and my former paper is to enlist the attention of Etrus- 

 cologists to the possible derivation of the nation from the Libyan 

 stock. These Libyan or Numidian inscriptions, to be sure, date 

 from a 'long time after the Etruscans had founded their cities in 

 Italy. The oldest of them are probably not beyond 200 B.C., and 

 then nearly a thousand years had elapsed since the formation of the 

 Etruscan commonwealth. We must not therefore expect frequent 

 identities, especially as the Etruscans notoriously borrowed largely 

 the names and terms of their various neighbors. On the other 

 hand, it must be remembered that the Berber is a group of dialects 

 singularly tenacious of its traits, both grammatic and lexicographic. 

 To this day, its tribes are mutually intelligible, from the western 

 boundaries of Egypt to the Atlantic coast, and from the Mediter- 

 ranean to the Soudan. Therefore it is not incongruous to attempt 

 the explanation of an Etruscan name (assuming that it is of Libyan 

 origin) by the modern Kabyle or Touareg. 



A preliminary question of interest is that of the 



§ 2. Etruscan Invasions of Egypt. 



This subject has been brought to the attention of Egyptologists 

 by the supposed references to the Etruscans in the ancient inscrip- 

 tions, and to Italian archasologists by the evident Egyptian inspira- 

 tion in some of the Etruscan art remains. I shall sum up briefly 

 the main points of the question. 



From the earliest times the movement of the Libyan tribes to- 

 ward the east is recorded in the annals of the Egyptian monarchy. 

 In the third dynasty — according to the chronology of Mariette some 

 4200 years B. C. — the incursions of the Temhu (the Touaregs ?) 

 are mentioned. In the eighteenth dynasty (1 703-1462 B.C.) the 

 mother of Amenhotep IV. is represented as a blonde with blue 



* Collection Complete des Inscriptions Numidiques {Libyques). Par le General Faidherbe 

 ( Paris, 1S70). 

 t Etudes Berbcres. Essai d' Epigraphic Libyque. Par J. Ilalevy (Paris, 1875). 



