Brinton.] °^ [Feb. T, 



home. The Etruscan clan, or clens, should be translated " of the 

 home of," " of the family of," or something to that effect ; not 

 necessarily a son. 



§' 7. Place Names. 



The place names handed down to us from Etruscan times offer 

 peculiar difficulties in etymology, for it is very likely that the 

 immigrant Libyans who founded the Etruscan State generally 

 adopted the geographical names they found locally current, and only 

 exceptionally applied others from their own tongue. In some Ital- 

 ian examples we may be tempted to recognize Libyan roots. Thus, 

 in Arbona, Arretium, Arno, Arna (near Perugia), etc., there may 

 lurk the Libyan ar, mountain. This is rendered more probable by 

 the Etruscan name for the Atlas mountains, or their mythical hero 

 Atlas, which was Aril, where we can scarcely err in recognizing 

 the root ar (Miiller, Die Etrusker, Bd. ii, s. 113). 



M. Rinn believes with Dr. Shaw that the geographical name 

 Tadertos, TuSepra, is identical with the Berber taddert, a village 

 or town of stone houses.* Many Etruscan remains have been 

 discovered there, proving that it was one of their settlements 

 (Miiller, Etrusker, Bd. i, s. 98). 



In the name of the very ancient Etr. city called by the Latins 

 Caere, in Etr. yaire, we seem to have the Berber gari or gheri, a 

 fortified town or city. 



An extended examination of these place names offers yet greater 

 difficulties than of the personal names, and I shall not undertake it 

 at present. 



Should the above comparative notes of Etruscan and Libyan 

 proper nouns indicate a recognizable relationship between the two 

 tongues, other students will soon be found, with larger command of 

 material, to carry out the comparison and to ascertain what close- 

 ness of origin a prolonged investigation is capable of revealing. 



* As distinguished from adouwar, a village of tents. Dictionaire Frangais-Berbere, s. v., 

 village. See also Rinn, Les Origines Berberes, p. 195. 



