1890.] ^^ [Angi'll. 



much lower in the series than the Olean conglomerate of Pennsylvania 

 was another important contribution to our knowledge. 



But his best discoveries were in the Anthracite region. He revolution- 

 ized our old ideas of the cross-sections ; discovered the most remarkable 

 overlaps and plication faults in the bottoms of the synclinals ; and in a 

 word differentiated the simple structure of Whelpley and McKinley into 

 a complicated series of unexpected irregularities ; giving precisely that 

 knowledge to the colliery engineers which they most needed. 



Another important discovery resulted from his later work for Mr. 

 Westinghouse in the Catskill region of New York, viz., that the great 

 Ordovician (Siluro-Cambrian) limestone formation, topped by the Tren- 

 ton, was greatly thicker than had been supposed, and consequently that 

 its supposed thinning out from Pennsylvania northward towards Canada 

 was, in a good degree, a mistake. Subsequently he was able to substan- 

 tiate this important fact over a wider field in the West. 



Lastly, I would cite his discovery of the true general rate of rise of the 

 Palaeozoic formations from Pennsylvania into Canada West, by his discus- 

 sion of the recent borings on the south shore of Lake Ontario and the 

 north and south shores of Lake Erie. The slope from Franklin to Erie 

 had been pretty well fixed in 1840 ; and Carll's measurements had made 

 .the rate more accurate ; but we have it now in a perfectly reliable form, 

 with a constant that cannot be well altered. 



His discovery that some of the western petroleum comes from the drift 

 was one of many minor additions to our knowledge made by this admirable 

 field geologist, who has passed away in his prime, yet so young, leaving 

 us only to regret that our science has not a larger store of them. 



Obituary Notice of Henry Simmons Frieze, LL.D. 



By James B. Angell, Ann Arbor, Mich. 



{Read before the American Philosophical Society, March 7, 1S90.) 



Henry Simmons Frieze, LL.D., was born in Boston, Mass., September 

 15, 1817, and died in Ann Arbor, Mich., December 7, 1889. He was 

 the son of Jacob Frieze and Betsy (Slade) Frieze. His father, who was a 

 native of Rhode Island, and, during most of his life, a resident of that 

 State, was for several years the pastor of Universalist churches in Massa- 

 chusetts and in Rhode Island. Subsequently, he became an editorial writer 

 for newspapers in Providence, and in the days when pamphlets were one 

 of the main instruments in political warfare, he was somewhat noted 

 in Rhode Island for his skill as a pamphleteer. 



The son was obliged at an early age to gain his own livelihood. He 

 served first as a clerk in Providence, and then engaged in teaching music 



