744 SALMONELLA 



Salm. hormaechei A.F. XXIX, [Vi], Zgo — . 



Isolated from sewage at Buenos Aires and described by Monteverde and Leiguarda 

 (1944). Resembles Salm. ballerup in the variability of its Vi antigen, which may be present 

 or absent. Contains in addition to Z30 the flagellar antigen Zg^, but this is subject to 

 quantitative fluctuation. Non-pathogenic for guinea-pigs on intraperitoneal inoculation, 

 but large doses inoculated intraperitoneally kill mice in 24 hours, and the organism can 

 be recovered from the heart blood. 

 Salm. urbana A.F. XXX, b < — > e, n, x . . . 



Isolated in the United States from the colon of a pig dying of hsemorrhagic enteritis, 

 and from the gut of a dead chicken (Edwards and Bruner 1941a). Found also in patients 

 suffering from enteritis in Massachusetts (Bornstein and Saphra 1942). Contains some 

 XVI antigen, which it shares with hvittingfoss. The b antigen is incomplete, so that 

 absorption with Salm. vrbatm of a serum prepared against Salm. paratyphi B leaves a 

 considerable part of the b antibody behind. Phase 1 probably contains an antigen, as 

 yet unidentified, in addition to b. Phase 2 contains the z^g antigen ; the e, n, x, z^, 

 complex is shared with dbortus-bovis and minnesota. 



Salm. arizona A.F. XXXIII, Z4, Z23, Zjg . • • — • 



Isolated in the United States from certain reptiles by Caldwell and Ryerson (1939). 

 Studied by Kauffmann (see Kauflfmann 1941). Resembles Salm. dar-es-salaam in slowly 

 liquefying gelatin. Is peculiar in sometimes fermenting lactose, though not for 2 weeks 

 or so. Cultures appear to be partly rough, and the antigenic structure is therefore still 

 in doubt. Appears to be pathogenic for certain reptiles, and is highly pathogenic for 

 guinea-pigs and rabbits. Has since been isolated from a woman suffering from high fever, 

 diarrhoea and vomiting (Seligmann, Saphra and Wassermann 1944). 



Salm. adelaide A.F. XXXV, f, g — . 



Isolated from faeces during life, and from liver and spleen post mortem, of a man 

 suffering from enteritis in Australia. Described by Atkinson (1943). Isolated on at 

 least four occasions in England from cases of gastro-enteritis — one of them in a German 

 prisoner-of-war. Original strain said not to ferment sorbitol, but English strains all 

 ferment this sugar. 

 Salm. Inverness A.F. XXXVIII, k -e-^ 1, 6 . . . 



Isolated from a normal food handler in Florida and described by Edwards and Hughes 

 (1944). Possesses a somatic antigen not previously described. The k antigen is the 

 same as that in Salm. thompson. 

 Other organisms containing antigens of the Salmonella group. 



Since Habs and Arjona (1935) described a paracolon bacillus containing part of one 

 of the Salmonella O antigens, and Gard (1937) and Gard and Eriksson (19S9) described 

 coliform bacilli containing Salmonella H antigens, several workers have reported the 

 occurrence of 0, less often of H, antigens in paracolon, coliform and Flexner dysentery 

 bacilli (Bornstein, Saphra and Daniels 1941, Schiff, Bornstein and Saphra 1941, Kauffmann 

 1941, Saphra and Silberberg 1942, Peluflfo, Edwards and Bruner 1942). These workers 

 alone have met with about 50 strains. Some of these strains contain only part of one 

 O antigen ; others contain a complete complement of antigens and are indistinguishable 

 from such Salmonella types as onderstepoort, ivorthington, or carrau. At one time only 

 H antigens common to the non-specific phase of diphasic Salmonella types were found ; 

 but Peluffo, Edwards and Bruner (1942) have now met with paracolon bacilli containing 

 antigens, such as Z4, that are present in monophasic types. Four strains at least have 

 been described that contain a Vi antigen apparently identical with that present in Salm. 

 typhi, Salm. paratyphi C, and Salm. ballerup. 



The fermentative behaviour of these coliform and paracolon bacilli varies considerably. 

 Some of them form acid and gas in lactose within 24 hours, others not till after some 

 days ; some form acid only, and some fail to attack lactose altogether. Most of them 

 fail to ferment dulcitol and tartrates ; many attack sucrose or salicin or both ; and a 



