900 MISCELLANEOUS BACTEBIA 



days on blood agar, show that it is a very small straight rod-shaped organism, 0-5-1 n 



long by 0-2-0-3 /t broad, with parallel sides and rounded ends ; it is arranged singly, in 



pairs end-to-end, and in small dense groups. No irregular forms are seen ; it stains 



regularly with the usual aniline dyes, is Gram-negative, and non-motile (Fig. 212). 



Culturally, the organism can be isolated only 



in Smith-Noguchi medium (human ascitic fluid 



containing a piece of sterile rabbit kidney, and 



' » covered with a vaseline seal) ; but after three or 



four subcultures in this medium it can be brought 



"* to grow anaerobically on blood agar, chocolate 



'/ ^ > agar, Fildes' agar, Bordet's medium, and certain 



' other media. 



' ' \ ' Smith-Noguchi Medium at 37° C- — -A faint haze 



becomes visible around the kidney about the 5th 



day, and reaches a maximum about the 8tb day, 



when it is 3 cm. deep. These appearances are not 



characteristic ; they often appear in uninoculated 



tubes. 



Horse Blood Agar.- — 7 days, 37° C. Round, 

 Fig. 212. — Bacterium pneumo- -n i.-, i ■ n c 



g-„f^g convex, milky- white opaque colonies, 0-5 mm. in 



^ . XI 1.1 1 diameter, of amorphous structure, and with a 



From a surface growth on blooa agar i ,• ■ r i • j 



anaerobically, 12 days, 37" C. smooth glistening surface and an entire edge ; 

 (X 1000). butyrous in consistency and easily emulsified; no 



haemolysis. 



Horse Blood Agar or Chocolate Agar Slope. — 12 days, 37° C. Slightly raised, partly 

 confluent, ghstening growth with an irregular surface, due to imperfect fusion, and an 

 edge made up of very tiny discrete colonies. 



Bordet's Medium.— 12 days, 37° G. Shghtly raised, confluent, glistening growth with 

 a finely pitted surface. 



Glycerol Egg. — 7 days, 37° G. Good, shghtly raised, ghstening, viscous growth with 

 a smooth surface and an entire edge. 



Loeffler's Serum. — 7 days, 37° C. Similar to growth on glycerol egg, but not so abun- 

 dant. 



Trijfsinized Heart Agar Slope, and Glycerol Agar Slope. — 7 days, 37° G. Rather poor, 

 slightly raised, confluent, nearly colourless, translucent growth with an irregular surface 

 due to imperfect fusion ; edge made up of single colonies. 



Trypsinized Heart Broth.— 1 days, 37° G. Poor to moderate, uniform turbidity, with 

 a moderate, highly viscous deposit, which, on shaking, coheres in a ropy mass and is difficult 

 to disintegrate. No surface growth ; shghtly aromatic odour. 



Fildes' Broth.— 1 days, 37° G. No turbidity, but slight powdery deposit disintegrating 

 on shaking. After 14 days the deposit is viscous, coherent, and difficult to disintegrate. 



Nitrate Broth. — 7 days, 37° G. Shght turbidity ; moderate, viscous deposit, disin- 

 tegrating completely ; no surface growth. 



Serum Broth. — Growth similar to that in heart broth. 



Goli-Broth. — 5 days, 37° G. (Prepared by growing a strain of Bact. coli in 1 per cent, 

 dextrose broth till the first sign of turbidity appears ; the culture is then steamed for 

 half an hour.) Moderate to dense turbidity; moderate viscous deposit, very difficult 

 to disintegrate. 



Resistance. — Cultures in Smith-Noguchi medium, after 5 to 7 days' incubation at 

 37° C, remain viable at room temperature for 2h years. Cultures in coli-broth become 

 sterile in about a week. The organisms withstand freezing, and drying in vacuo, and 

 appear to remain alive for a long time when dried. Infected lungs of rabbits, kept in 

 50 per cent, glycerol at 4° C, remain virulent for 9 months. The organism is destroyed 

 by moist heat at 50° C. in 30 minutes, and by chloroform vapour in 1 to 1^ hours. 



