66 The Molluscan Family Planorhidae 



1884. Gyraulus Tryon, S. & S. Conch., Ill, p. 106. Example Planorbis deflectus Say. 



As subgenus or Planorbis. 



1885. Gyraulus Westerlund, Fauna Palaearc. Reg., V, p. 75. Type Pkuiorbis albus 



Miill. As subgenus of Planorbis. 



1886. Gyraulus Clessin, Conch. Cab., XVU, p. 33. Type Planorbis albus Miiller. As 



subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1899. Gyraulus Martens, Biol. Cent. Amer. Moll., p. 392. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1902. Gyraulus F. C. Baker, Moll. Chi. Area, II, p. 297. No type cited. As subgenus 



of Planorbis. 

 1902. Gyraulus Westerluxd, Rad. Jugoslav. Akad., 151, p. 121. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1905. Gyraulus Dall, Alaska Moll., pp. 83, 86. Type Planorbis albus Miiller. As 



subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1912. Gyraulus Hannibal, Proc. Mai. Soc. London, X, p. 154. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1915. Gyraulus Preston, Fauna Brit. India, Moll., p. 118. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As section of Planorbis. 



1917. Gyraulus Soos, Ann. Musei Nat. Hungarici, XV, pp. 54, 144. T.vpe Planorbis 



albus Miiller. As genus. 



1918. Gyraulus Walker, Miscel. Pub., Mus. Zool., Univ. Mich., No. 6, pp. 12, 94. 



Type Planorbis albus Miiller. As subgenus of PUniorbis. 



1919. Gyraulus Annand.\le and Prashad, Rec. Ind. Mus., XVHI, p. 52. Type Planorbis 



albus Miiller. As genus (genitalia and radula). 



1921. Gyraulus Germain, Rec. Ind. Mus., XXI, pp. 8, 98. Tyi)e Planorbis albus Miiller. 



As subgenus of Planorbis. 



1922. Gyraulus Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mus., XXIV, p. 361. Tyiie Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As genus. 



1923. Gyraulus Wenz, Fos.sil. Cat., Pars 22, p. 1540. Genotype Gyraulus hispicbis 



Drap. = G. albus Miiller. As genus. 

 1926. Gyraulus Kennard and Woodward, Syn. British Non-Marine Moll., p. 67. Type 

 Planorbis albus Miiller. As subgenus of Planorbis. 



1926. Gyraulus F. C. Baker, Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci. Arts, XXII, p. 204. Type 



Planorbis albus Miiller. As genus. 



1927. Gyraulus Pilsbry and Bequaert, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., LIII, p. 124. 



Type Planorbis albus Miiller. As subgenus of Planorbis. 



1928. Gyraulus F. C. Baker, F. W. Moll. Wis., I, p. 364. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As genus. 



1929. Gyraulus H.\as, Trab. Museo Cien. Nat. Barcelona, XIII, p. 384. Type 



evidently Planorbis albus Miiller. As genus. 

 1931. Caillaudia Thiele, Handbuch, IV, 2nd Teil, p. 481. Type wrongly given as 



Anisus (C.) letourneuxi Bourg. (see Pilsbry and Bequaert, 1927, p. 124). 



As section under subgenus Armiger which is a subgenus of Ayiisus. 

 1931. Gyraulus Thiele, Handbuch, IV, 2nd Teil, p. 481. Type Planorbis albus 



Miiller. As section under genus Anisus. 

 1931. Gyraulus Germain, Moll. Terr, et Fluv. France, II, p. 533. No type cited. 



As subgenus of Planorbis. 

 1935. Gyraulus Soos, Allat. Kozlem., XXXII, p. 30. No type cited. As genus. 



Subgenus GYRAULUS SS. 



Type Planorbis albus Miill. 



Shell (plate 77, figs. 1-3). Small, ultradextral, of comparatively few flat- 

 tened \vhorls, equally visible above and below, usually rapidly enlarging in 

 diameter; body whorl at aperture usually somewhat deflected, the aperture 

 oblique; the periphery is usually median and in some species carinate; the 



