156 The MoUuscan Family Planorbidae 



the short vagina (VG) without marked swelling. Another form of sperma- 

 theca and duct, from another specimen, is shown in fig. 11. The uterus (U) 

 is tough and leathery, long and wide (6 mm. long and 1 mm. wide), and is 

 covered with wart-like prominences. The nidamental gland (NG) is wide 

 and somewhat globular, covered with small follicles. The oviduct (OD) 

 is much narrower than the uterus and is about 3 mm. long and 0.3 mm. 

 wide. There is a large, swollen carrefour (OF). The relationship of the 

 organs near the junction with the ovisperm duct is shown in fig. 6. The 

 albumen gland (fig. 5) is about twice as long as wide and lies crosswise of 

 the body. The space for the passage of the intestine is shown near the 

 center of the figure. 



Hermaphrodite Organs (fig. 4). The ovotestis (OT) is composed of 

 large club-shai)ed diverticula. A section of this organ near the front end is 

 shown in fig. 9. Six rows of diverticula of varying length are to be seen. The 

 sections vary in different parts of the ovotestis. There may be only six un- 

 branched diverticula of large size, or there may be six or seven main 

 branches, each branch subdivided two or three times to form a surface 

 aspect of fourteen, fifteen, or eighteen diverticula. The free ovisperm duct 

 (SO) is very short and appears only between the oviduct and the seminal 

 vesicle. 



In another species, Carinifcx jacksoneiisis (plate 35, fig. 5), there is 

 some deviation from the structures as seen in ponsonbyi. The seminal 

 vesicle (SV) forms a grape-like bunching just beyond the ovotestis (about 

 1 mm. long and 0.7 mm. wide) with lateral vesicles on the ovisperm duct 

 as in ponsonbyi, and for the succeeding 2 mm. with very small vesicles 

 which ap])ear as fine crenulations on one side only. The prostate (PRS) is 

 shorter (only 3 mm. long) and is connected with the sperm duct in the same 

 manner as in ponsonbyi. The diverticula are of the same form and condi- 

 tion as in ponsonbyi. The spermatheca and its duct are also of about the 

 same form (see fig. 9). In figs. 6 and 7, the features near the junction of 

 the ovisperm duct are shown. There is a large carrefour (CF). The albumen 

 gland (fig. 8) is relatively shorter than in ponsonbyi. 



The penial gland is of the same form as in ponsonbyi (fig. 3) and has 

 the same short gland duct. The retractor muscles (RM), however, are 

 much more complicated in form and position. They are much smaller, nar- 

 rower, and more numerous. The supjiorting muscles (SM) are small and 

 numerous and are attached to both vergic sac and preputium. Small 

 muscles on the retractor muscle side of the preputium and on its lower half, 

 are attached to the wall of the mantle cavity. These are believed to be 

 supporting muscles. The attachment of the retractor muscles to the vergic 

 sac is shown in fig. 2, which is the reverse of fig. 3. 



Pilsbry (1934, p. 50) figured the genitalia of Carinife.v ponsonbyi differ- 

 ing in some respects from the drawings on plate 34. The musculature is 

 nearly the same but is not shown in as great detail as in the figures on 

 plate 34. The spermatheca is more nearly spherical in Pilsbry's figure. The 

 seminal vesicle is shown as a mass of small vesicles, much as seen in 

 Carinifex jacksonensis on plate 35 (fig. 5). The penial complex and penial 

 gland in C. newberryi siibrotunda are figured. It is probable that the sex 

 organs vary somewhat in form, especially those that are evertible. Also, 

 the condition of the preserved material will make a great difference, espe- 



