Family Bulimdae 199 



this nmsclc, distally branched, was attached to the end of the vergic sac, 

 as shown in plate 22, fig. 7. There are muscles on the preputiiun which 

 probably aid in its retraction (plate 21, fig. 5). The writer believes that the 

 bulbous swelling (shown at B in fig. 1, plate 21, and at B in fig. 7, plate 

 22) has some significance, for it is also shown, although in a more length- 

 ened condition, in Larambergue's figure on page 288. It might be that it 

 marks the limit of the copulatory portion of the verge, as suggested by 

 the writer in a previous paj^er (1933, p. 4). The schematic figures 8 and 9 

 in Larambergue's paper (cojiied on plate 74, figs. 8, 9) suggest such a 

 condition. As observed by Larambergue, however, these differences may be 

 largely due to the preservation of the material examined. 



Female Organs (plate 21, fig. 3). Spermatheca (S) small (about 1 mm. 

 long) pyriform, attached to the long, narrow vagina (2 mm. long) by a 

 very short duct. The spermatheca is, in fact, almost sessile. The uterus 

 (U) is about 5 mm. long and nearly four times as wide as the vagina. The 

 large nidamental gland (NG) is 6 mm. long, is about as wide as the 

 uterus and is curved about the uterus and oviduct. The oviduct (OD) is 

 about as long as the uterus and vagina combined ( about 9 mm. long) . It 

 is 1 mm. wide at the uterus end but decreases in diameter toward the 

 albumen gland where it joins the sperm duct to form the ovisperm duct. 

 There is a small carrefour. The albumen gland (AD, a flattened, more or 

 less heart-shaped organ, is convex above and concave below. It has a 

 narrow duct which enters the carrefour. The ovisperm duct (SO) is a 

 narrow tube about 3 mm. long between the seminal vesicle and the oviduct. 

 In the specimens examined it was entirely smooth, but Larambergue 

 figures it as having lateral swellings, as was observed in some species of 

 Planorbidae. A small, smooth duct about 1 mm. long joins the seminal 

 vesicle to the ovotestis. The female organs are as figured in Larambergue's 

 paper and also as described by Rao. 



The ovotestis (OT) appears on the surface as a multilobed organ. In 

 cross section (near the anterior end) it is seen to be made up of seven 

 or more main diverticula which branch twice at the outer end (plate 21, 

 fig. 7). They radiate fan-wise from the ovisperm duct. Several branched 

 diverticula contained ripe ova at their distal ends. The ova were dark gray 

 in color and with these there were several small, rounded bodies which 

 were red in color, evidently undeveloped ova. 



Respiratory and Renal Systems. The pseudobranch (figs. 4, 6, plate 

 21 ) is large and conspicuous and is not simply folded or leaf-like, as in 

 all of the Planorbidae examined, but on the upper and lower surfaces of a 

 leaf-like base are developed a number of projections with broad lobes, 

 plaits, or folds (fig. 4) groujied together in series of three to six folds, each 

 group of folds being separated from the other folds by a distinct depres- 

 sion or gap. The base of attachment of the folds is not modified by the 

 folded series (see fig. 6). In the living animal, the folded portion of the 

 pseudobranch is turned back against the mantle edge. The rectum (R) is 

 on the side above the pseudobranch and the anal opening is between the 

 pseudobranch and the pneumostome. 



Rao ( 1923, p. 208) describes the lobes as occurring in groups of three 

 or four, but in the specimens examined there were two groups of six each 

 on the under side of the base and two groups of three lobes and two groups 

 of two lobes on the upper side, as shown in fig. 6. The pneumostome (PS) 



