EARTHQUAKE OF CENTRAL JAPAX, 1891. 305 



II. Geology and Topography of Mino and Owari. 



We have already pointed, out the geographical situation of the 

 provinces Mino and Owari on the ïokaidô, lying nearly half-way 

 between Kobe and Tokyo. The picture.Mjue Lake Biwa with an area 

 of 715,5 square kilometres, lying to the eastw-u"d of Kyoto, is separated 

 from the neighbouring Mino-Owari ])lain by the meridional ridge of 

 Suzuka. The range is mainly built up of Palaeozoic formations, with 

 a subordinate mass of young biotite-granite rising to a considerable 

 height, and over which the old road of the Tökaidö winds up 

 through the well-known Pass of Suzuka (373 m.). 



The l^xht'ozoic foianations are chiefly composed of multifarious 

 alternations of a greyish, medium -graniikir, arkose sandstone, p.ncl 

 imperfectly fissile, blackish clayslate ; with these are associated 

 hornstone and lUuliohirimi slates (Profile n — h, PL XXYIIL). All 

 these thick C(3mplexes are sterile in well-preserved fossils, and as yet 

 no detailed geological studies ha\e been made of them; so that 

 we ;ire at present obliged to call them simply by the vague term of 

 tr:insition foruKîtions. There are, however, a few bands of com]>'!ct 

 limestones inserted between them, which nlford tolerably abundant 

 organic remains. These fossiliferous limestones have already been 

 m;ide the subject of a special study * l)y the hite C. Schwager ^^llo 

 discovered in them many well-characterized petrifictions, viz.: — 



FusuVuKi /(ipoiiica Gümbel. 

 ,, eorilix Schwager. 



Schirdficn'iia \ frhffki Geinitz? 



,, emticiilifem Schwager. 



FiisiiI/NcJIa s]). 



* Ridit!ioiVn, Cliina, IV. Bd. 



