;540 ' " ^B. KOTO CAUSE OF THE GEEAT 



descripti(jn of the earth's rent from the village of Katabira, will 

 have seen that I ha\'e always spoken of subside net' of the n'ulit siele. 

 accompanied bv horizontal shiftiihj totvanls the nortli or nortli-irest, 

 and now lijoking at the fault at Midori, may object to my con- 

 tention that the great throw is a prolongation of the main faidt, 

 that the ircsl liait' had here sunk instead of the east. It seems, however, 

 that Ave have here an abnormal case, and that the east Jialj] ineliid- 

 intj tJie river became raised. What a-oidd seem to faroar tJiis rieir is 

 t]u(t a Utile hifflier up the river irlial was hniuerhj a slailloir rapid stream 

 :27 metres across and easilij j'ordahle, broadened out into a small lale, 

 63 metres in a-idth, of still iraler irliicli a hoats}iian's pole cannot j'atJiom. 

 A dam was formed below and the current now ünds its way in a 

 narrow diverted stream under the opposite hills. In explanation 

 of this special case. I would soy that, in the enormous convulsion 

 caused in the valley between the two chains of hills, the weight of 

 the hills on either side caused a cracking îind uphea^al on the east 

 side of the valley, in the same way that a severe shaking given to a 

 heavy abutment of an arch may force up its cr<jwn or centre. 



At the north end of Midori, the road crossed the valley to Itasho, 

 where there was formerly a bridge ; but it is now necessary to cross 

 in a ferry boat, the valley having been transformed into the 

 lake, already referred to. At Itasho. again the fissure appears 

 beinsr like a mole's track when seen bv me. both sides being nearlv 

 on the same level, though the east half had been shoved northwards 

 as shown bv the horizontal displacement of a broken ditch in the rice 

 fields. It passes through Ichiba, and Ködokoro, reappears on the 

 road at Xaka, and o^oes throu"-h the middle of the fields at Osso, 

 with its usual characteristics. 



The villa"-es of Kadowaki and Nao'amin»'' lie out of the exact line 

 of reut, and the damage sutlered by them were therefore comj>arati\e- 



