106 - THE. DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, ¥ 
Araucaria—continued. 
winters ont of doors. Few trees can compete with them in 
symmetry and elegant proportion for conservatory decora- 
tion, where they may be grown in large tubs, or planted 
out. Small plants grown in pots are most serviceable for 
table and other decorative purposes. They thrive in a 
good fibrous loam, mixed with leaf soil and sand. Propa- 
gation by means of seed is the surest and most satisfactory 
method; the seed should be sown in pans or boxes, or if in 
large quantities, in a bed, with but gentle heat; they 
usually take some time to germinate. Cuttings are procured 
by taking off the leading shoots, and fixing them firmly in a 
pot of sand; they first require a cool place, but may after- 
wards be subjected to slight warmth. When rooted, they 
should be potted off into the soil above mentioned. The 
young growths which afterwards shoot from the plant, 
whence the cutting, may be taken off and treated in much 
the same manner. These are the only methods of pro- 
pagation worth pursuing. 
A. Balansze (Balansa’s). male cones cylindrical-conical, 2in. 
female cones elliptic globose, 4in.; scales obovate, cuneate. 
arcuately-uncinate, ovate triangular, imbricated round the dis- 
tichous, simple branchlets. A. 150ft. to 160ft. New Caledonia, 
1875. A fine greenhouse plumosely branched tree. 
A. Bidwillii (Bidwill’s).* The Bunya-Bunya Pine. cones sub- 
apne longest diameter 10in. to 12in., shortest Qin, to 10in. 
, ovate-lanceolate, in two nearly horizontal rows, acuminated, 
slightly convex above, concave beneath, leathery, deep shining 
green. h. 150ft. Moreton Bay. Habit very regular and sym- 
metrical. Greenhouse species. 
brasiliensis (Brazilian). /. oblong-lanceolate, much attenuated 
at the point, loosely imbricated, deep green ; lower part of the 
trunk usually free from branches, terminating in a rounded head. 
h. T0ft. to 100ft. Brazil, 1819. A. b. gracilis, and A. b. Ridoljiana 
are two forms of this species. 
A. columnaris (columnar). A synonym of A. Cookii. 
A. Cookii (Cook’s).* Z. awl-shaped, short, densely imbricated 
around the frondose branches. Described by Mr. Abbay as having 
“a somewhat curious habit, even when growing alone, of shedding 
their es for five-sixths or more of their height, and then 
replacing them by a smaller and more bushy growth, so that the 
tree at a distance presents a very columnar appearance, the 
i, Fic. 144. ARaucaRta EXCELSA, eo 
-~ A, Cunninghami (Cunningham's).* 1. on the sterile branches 
~ needle-shaped, obscurely quadrangular, rigid, acute ; on the fertile 
ee branches shorter, stouter, closely appressed, bright green ; upper 
Araucaria—continued. 
branches ascending, lower ones horizontal. h. 100ft. Moreton 
Bay. This fine species we have found to be quite hardy on the 
south-west coast of England. 
A.C. glauca (milky-green). A very handsome variety, with silvery 
glaucous leaves. 
A. excelsa (lofty).* The Norfolk Island Pine. J. awl-shaped, 
curved, sharply acuminated, bright green, densely packed on the 
frondose, deltoid, horizontal, or pendulous branches. When well 
grown, this is a beautifully metrical greenhouse or conserva- 
tory species, attaining to a height of 150ft., and a circumference of 
20ft. or more. Norfolk Island. This is especially desirable in a 
small state. There are several varieties known, the best being : 
A. e. glauca, having lighter green, and very glaucous foliage ; 
and A. e. robusta, which is larger in all its parts. See Fig. 144. 
A. Goldieana (Goldie’s).* Allied to A. Rule. l produced’ in 
whorls; pendulous, dark green, varying in size. New Caledonia 
Most distinct and elegant for conservatory decoration. : 
A. imbricata (imbricated).* The Monkey Puzzle. fl., male and 
female catkins on separate trees; the males are six or sevenin a — 
cluster, pedunculate, yellow, dnd oval with numerous scales, imbri- 
cated, long, and recurved at the points; the female catkins are 
oval, with numerous wedge-shaped scales, with narrow oblong 
brittle points; they are produced at the ends of the branches. 
cones, when fully ripe globular, from 3in. to 4in. in diameter, 
dark brown. The branches are horizontal, inflexed, and ascend- 
ing at the extremities, and are produced in whorls. J. ovate- 
lanceolate, sessile, thickened at the base, stiff, leathery, straight, 
somewhat keeled-shaped below, and strongly mucronate at the 
apex; verticillate, with seven or eight in a whorl, imbricate, and 
closely encircling the branches, concave, . glabrous, shining, 
marked with longitudinal s, dotted on both sides. h. 50ft. 
to 100ft. Chili, 1796. A ll known hardy tree, of striking 
ay and indispensable to Arboreta and shrubberies. See 
ig. ” * 
A. Rulei (Rule’s).* male cones oblong obtuse ; female cones ov. 
l. oblong- eolate, with a prominent nerve, more closely 
pad cpa and less sharply Baad than in the foregoing species ; 
imbricated in four rows. Branches horizontal; branchlets often 
grown. -> a 
ARBOR. A tree. A perennial plant, having a distinct 
bole or trunk, from’ which the main branches grow. _ 
tree, 
ARBORETUM. A collection of hardy trees formed 
for pleasure or instruction, and which, when well managed, 
is a source of much interesting study. afford shelter, 
improve the local climate, renovate bad soils, &c., and also, 
by concealing or hiding disagreeable objects, heighten the 
effect of agreeable ones, create beauty, and add value. A 
properly arranged Arboretum should be constructed with a 
view to picturesque beauty, and not systematically, as is 
usually the case in Botanic Gardens, although scientific 
purposes are best served by a systematic arrangement. 
ARBOR-VITE. See Thuja. 
ARBOUR. A seat surrounded by lattice work, covered 
by Vines, Wistarias, or other climbing plants. 
allusion to the austere quality of the fruit). Strawberry Tree. 
ORD. Ericacee. Trees and shrubs, with evergreen alternate 
laurel-like leaves. Corolla globose, or ovately campanulate $ 
petals five, reflexed. Very ornamental subjects for lawns and 
shrubberies, thriving well in a light sandy or peaty soil. 
They may be propagated by seeds, which should be sown in 
sand during March ; by budding, and by inarching ; the first 
mentioned method is the one most generally employed, with 
good results. The various sorts may be grafted, budded, 
or inarched upon A. U . The greenhouse species are 
rare in cultivation, but their management does not ma- 
terially differ from other plants requiring a similar tem- 
perature, 
Andrachne hne).* f. nish-white ; cles ter- 
p erect, Aae vied y tome Maren wet ape l 
oblong, bluntish, entire in some, a little serrated in others, 
ag geet h. 10ft. to 14ft. Greece, 1724. A fine ornamental 
ree. 
saw. -leaved). o dis] in 
T aL ard, aad AAA Gaal 
those of the species. Syn. A. serratifolia. — 
RESCENT. Having a tendency to become a ==- 
Gestalt 
eo N 
ARBUTUS (from arboise, Celtic for austere bush; in- 
