156 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Bambusa—continued. SN 
vigorous-growing species can be cultivated out of doors during 
EIMAN, Kia Aeon localities, it may be left out all the year. 
B. nana (dwarf).* l. lanceolate, acute, glaucous, stoutish, with the 
footstales slightly downy. h. 6ft. to 8ft. India, 1826, A rather 
tender species, requiring to be grown in the stove or greenhouse. 
SYNS. B. glauca and B. viridi-glaucescens, See Fig. 204. 
B. nigra (black). See Phyllostachys nigra. 
Ragamowski (Ragamowsk’s).* J. Qin. to 18in, long, and about 
lin. to in. broad. China and Japan. This species “can readily 
be recognised by the tor line on one side of the midrib, 
running nearly the whole length of the leaf on the underside, this 
line being always on the longer side of the leaf.” Hardy. Syn. 
B. tessellata. 
B. Simonii (Simon’s).* 7. narrow, nearly 6in. to 10in. long, occasion- 
ally stri with white. Stems growing with great rapidity, 
mealy-glaucous at the joints ; branchlets numerous, rather closely 
crowded. A. 10ft. China and Japan, 1866. 
B. striata (striated).* Z, linear-oblong; culms striped yellow and 
green. h. 6ft. to 20ft. China, 1874. very slender and graceful, 
rather tender, species. May be grown in the ong’ air during 
summer, and in very favoured spots it is probably hardy, espe- 
cially if covered with a mat in winter. It makes an excellent 
pot plant. Syn, B. viridi-striata. (B. M. 6079.) 
B. tessellata (tessellated).* A synonym of B. Ragamowski. 
B. violescens (nearly-violet).* Z. green above, bluish-grey beneath, 
with an elongated ligule, surrounded by a bundle of black hairs. 
Stems much branched, blackish-violet. China, 1869, This hand- 
some and vigorous species is intermediate between Phyllostachys 
nigra and B. nana. It requires protection during winter. - 
B. viridi-glaucescens (glaucous-green). A synonym of B. nana. 
B. viridi-striata (green-striped). A synonym of B. striata. 
BANANA, or PLANTAIN. See Musa. 
BANEBERRY. See Actza, 
BANISTERIA (named after John Baptist Banister, a 
traveller in Virginia in the seventeenth century, author of 
a catalogue of Virginian plants, inserted in Ray’s “ Historia 
Plantarum”). ORD. Malpighiacee. Stove trees or shrubs, 
frequently climbing. Flowers yellow; calyx five-parted ; 
petals furnished with long stalks; stamens ten. Leaves 
simple, stalked. They are for the most part very orna- 
mental, but are not often seen in flower in this country. 
They will grow in a mixture of loam, leaf soil, and peat, 
with some sharp sand added. Cuttings, made from ripened 
wood, will root freely in sandy soil, under a hand glass, in 
stove heat, taking about three or four weeks to do so. 
B. sc data ci (golden-leaved).* fl. deep orange, axillary, 
corymbose. l. ovate, oblong, acutish, somewhat sinuated towar 
a top, clothed beneath with golden shining down. Brazil, 1793. 
B. ciliata (ciliated).* ji. large, orange-coloured, umbellate. June. 
l. cordate, orbicular, smooth, ciliated. Brazil, 1796. Twiner. 
i {rust-coloured). f. yellow; racemes panicled. 
June. 1, Žin, long, ovate, acuminated, smooth above, and shining, 
rusty beneath, and are, as well as the petioles, clothed with 
close pressed hairs. Brazil, 1820. Climber, 
B, fulgens (glowing).* É yellow, in umbellate corymbs. l. ovate, 
_ acuminated, smooth above, and clothed with silky pubescence 
beneath, as well as the petioles. Branches dichotomous. West 
Indies, 1759. Climber. 
B. Humboldtiana (Humboldt’s).* ji. yellow; umbels lateral and 
terminal, sessile, Z, roundish-ovate, cordate, rather acuminated, 
mucronate, membranaceous, smoothish above, clothed beneath 
en la down as well as the branchlets. South America, 
B. sericea (silky). f. 
: er A (s yellow, racemose. July. J, ovate, obtuse, 
wate uoan younger ones downy on both surfaces, adult ones 
181 m under surface ; down of a golden shining colour, Brazil, 
_ B, splendens ( * fl. yellow; racemes icho- 
agen "E a oral leaves esigpe ke ot t, mid oe fem 
beneath. South inet 812. Climber. oe stages 
: BANKS. These are usually formed with a view to 
increasing the amount of surface ground, and for the 
acceleration or retarding of vegetable crops, such as straw- 
_ berries, &c. They should be from 6ft. to 12ft. apart, ac- 
-= cording to the depth of soil, and run from east to west. 
- In constructing Banks of a uniform size, great care, and 
a constant use of the garden line, will be found n i 
For the warmest side of the Banks, Dwarf French Beans, | 
_ Peas, Vegetable Marrows, Cucumbers, New Zealand Spinach, 
_ Capsicum, &c., may be grown. On the opposite side, and 
Banks—continued. y 
when a prolonged supply is desired, Cauliflower, Broccoli, 
Lettuce, Turnip, Spinach, &c., may be sown thinly in drills, 
to be thinned out, and remain. It needs but little dis- 
cretion to produce valuable crops by this method. 
BANKSIA (named in honour of Sir Joseph Banks, 
once President of the Royal Society, and a distinguished 
patron of science, particularly of Natural History). ORD. 
Proteacee. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs, natives of Aus- 
tralia, principally grown for the beauty of their foliage. 
Leaves variable in form, usually dark green, clothed with 
white or rufous down beneath; margins deeply serrated or 
spinous, rarely entire. The following is the mode of cul- 
ture recommended many years ago by Sweet. The pots 
should be well drained, by placing a potsherd about half 
way over the hole at the bottom of the pot, then laying 
another piece against it that it may be hollow, afterwards 
putting some smaller pieces all around them, and on the 
top of these some others broken very small. All the 
plants belonging to the order Proteacew should be drained 
in a similar manner, as the roots are very fond of running 
amongst the broken potsherds, and consequently there is 
less danger of their being overwatered. Care must also be 
taken not to allow them to flag, as they seldom recover if 
once allowed to get very dry. The plants should be placed 
in an airy part of the house when indoors, Cuttings are 
generally supposed to be difficult to root, but this is not 
the case if properly managed. Let them be well ripened 
before they are taken off; then cut them at a joint, and 
place them in pots of sand, without shortening any of the 
leaves, except on the part that is planted in the sand, where 
they should be taken off quite close. The less depth they 
are planted in the pots the better, so long as they stand 
firm when the sand is well closed round them. Place them 
under hand glasses in the propagating house, but do not- 
plunge them in heat. Take the glasses off frequently to 
give them air, and dry them, or they will probably damp 
off. When rooted, transfer to small pots; after which, 
place them in a close, unheated frame, and harden by 
degrees. Seeds are a very unsatisfactory means of multi- 
plying the stock. 
B. æmula (rivalling).* Z. 6in. to 10in. long, lin. broad, linear- 
oblong, tapering slightly at the base ; edges deeply toothed, dee 
een on both sides; midrib of under surface clothed with ric 
rown hairs. h. 20ft. 1824. Syn. B. elatior. (B. M. 2671.) 
B. australis (southern). A synonym of B. marginata, 
B. Caleyi (Caley’s), J. 6in. to`l2in. long, linear, deeply and 
regularly toothed from base to apex, dark green above, paler 
below. h. 5ft. to 6ft. 1830, Said to be an elegant species. 
B. collina (hill-loving).* l. 2in, to 3in. long, jin. broad, linear ; 
apex premorse, as if bitten straight off ; upper surface dark green, 
silvery below. h. 6ft. to 8ft. 1822. This forms a dense and 
handsome shrub, especially with its large head of yellow flowers. 
Syns. B. Cunninghami, B. ledifolia, and B. littoralis. (B. M. 3060. 
B. Cunninghami (Cunningham’s). A synonym of B. collina. — n 
pinnatifid, divided almost to the midrib; lobes trié T, 
eep green above, and reddish-brown below. Stem cl with 
reddish-brown hairs, h. 6ft. 1824. This plant is extremely 
graceful and elegant as a table decoration. 
B. elatior (taller). Synonymous with B. emula, ? 
B. inte: lia (whole-leaved), Z. cuneate-oblong, 6in. long, 
nearly lin. wide at the broadest part; edges entire ; mee side 
dark green, niver white beneath. h, 10ft. to 12ft. 1788. SYNS. 
B. macrophylla, B. oleifolia. (B. M. 2770.) 2 
B. i. compar (well-matched). 7. very densely set upon the 
branches, oblong, mporing xt hi base, blunt at the apex ; edges 
serrulate; upper side dark olive green, silvery white beneath. 
h. 6ft., finely branching. 1824. 
B. latifolia (broad-leaved). Z. 6in. to l0in. long, 3in. broad, 
obovate-oblong ; nee serrated ; upper surface deep green, 
beneath clothed wit "az greyish hairs, those on the midrib 
bright brown. A. 20ft. 1 E M. 2406.) 
B. ledifolia (Ledum-leaved). Synonymous with B. collina. 
B. littoralis (shore). Synonymous with B. collina. ; 
B. macrophylla (large-leaved), Synonymous with B. integrifolia. 
B. dryandroides (Dryandra-like).* ` l. 6in. to 10in. long, łin. 
bron ; 
