AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 181 
BERARDIA (named after M. Berard, a Professor 
of Chemistry at Montpelier). ORD. Composite. A genus 
containing a single species, confined to the high mountains 
of Western Europe. It makes a pretty rock plant, and 
grows best in thoroughly well-drained spots amongst rocky 
débris. Propagated by seeds, sown in spring. 
B. subacaulis (almost stemless). /l.-heads whitish, solitary, very 
‘ee: l. rounded oval, nearly heart-shaped at base, cottony. 
A. Sin. or fin. (A. F. P. 3, 38. 
BERBERIDACES. An order of shrubs or herba- 
ceous perennials. Flowers terminal or axillary, usually 
racemose ; sepals three, four, or six in a double row; petals 
as many or double in number; stamens four to eight, 
opposite the petals. Fruit, a berry or capsule. Leaves 
alternate, compound. ‘The order contributes a great number 
of handsome plants to our gardens. Well-known genera 
are Berberis, Epimedium, and Nandina. 
BERBERIDOPSIS (from Berberis, the Barberry, 
and opsis, like; resembling the Barberry). ORD. Berberi- 
dacee. A handsome evergreen shrub, with climbing habit. 
Sepals and petals nine to fifteen; outer small, spreading ; 
intermediate orbicular, concave; inner obovate-cuneate, 
erect, inserted upon the fleshy torus. Stamens eight to 
nine, free. With a slight winter protection, or planted at 
the foot of a south wall, it will prove quite hardy, being of 
easy culture in ordinary garden soil. It is an excellent 
plant for the cool greenhouse. Increased by seeds, which 
should be sown in spring; by layering, in autumn; or by 
young cuttings, in spring. 
ONN 
“B. corallina (coral-red).* £ crimson, in terminal, drooping: 
racemes, leafy at the base. Z, about 3in. long, alternate, pated | 
ae 
bs uaa ' , of 
Fic. 243. FLOWERING BRANCHES OF BERBERIDOPSIS CORALLINA. 
Berberidopsis—continued. 
tiolate, oblong-cordate, obtuse or acute, spiny-toothed. Chili, 
862. See Fig. 243. (B. M. 5343.) 
BERBERIS (Berberys is the Arabic name of the fruit, 
signifying a shell; many authors believe this to be the 
original derivation of the word, because the leaves are 
hollow, like a shell). Barberry. ORD. Berberidacee. In- 
cluding Mahonia. A genus of hardy erect or trailing shrubs. 
Flowers yellow or orange, racemose or fascicled; sepals and 
petals similar, in two series. Leaves simple or compound, 
alternate or fascicled from the non-development of the 
branches, often spinose, or reduced to spines. The common 
sorts thrive well in any ordinary garden soil, but the rarer 
kinds require a compost of loam, peat, and a little sand. 
Propagation may be effected by suckers or layers, put down 
in the autumn; by ripened cuttings, taken at the same 
time, and planted in sandy soil, in a cold frame; or by 
seeds, bown in the spring, or, preferably, in the autumn, 
when, if fresh from the pulp or berry, they will germinate 
in the open in the following spring. The last-named is 
the method generally adopted. 
B. uifolium (Holly-leaved).* ji. yellow; racemes nearly erect, 
much crowded. Spring. l, leaflets two to three pairs, with an 
odd one, the lower ep distant from the petiole; ovate, approxi- 
mate, cordate at the base, one-nerved, spiny-toothed. h. ft. to 
6ft. North America, 1823. This is — planted in wood- 
lands as an excellent covert plant. Syn. Mahonia aquifolia. 
(S. E. B. 49.) 
B. aristata (bearded). f. yellow; racemes nodding, many- 
flowered, longer than the leaves; pedicels trifid, three owa. 
Spring. J. obovate-oblong or lanceolate, mucronate, membranous, 
smooth, serra with four or five spinulose teeth ; 
lower spines three-parted, upper ones co t and hardly 
bidentate at the base, h. 6ft. Nepaul, 1820. (B. R. 
729, under name of B, Chitria.) 
B. asiatica (Asiatic). fl., racemes short, many-flowered, 
corymbose, shorter than the leaves ; pedicels elongated, 
one-flowered. l. oval, cuneated, or elliptical, mucronate, 
smooth ; under surface glaucous, entire, or spinulosely- 
toothed ; spines trifid, or simple. A. 4ft. to 8ft. 1820. 
à =Half-hardy. 
B. buxifolia (Box-leaved).* fl. solitary, on slender 
peduncles. Spring. i. nearly sessile, oval or oblong, 
about jin. long, entire. k. 8ft. Straits of Magellan, 
1830. Nana is a charming little variety, not exceeding 
18in. in height. Syn. B. dulcis. (B. M. 6505.) 
B. (Canadian).* jl., racemes many-flowered, 
nodding. Spring. l. obovate-oblong, remotely serrated ; 
upper ones nearly entire ; spines three-parted. h. 4ft. 
Canada, 1759. j 
B. cratægina (Hawthorn-like). fl., racemes many- 
flowered, crowded, dhepa g, scarcely longer than the 
leaves. Spring. l. oblong, reticulated, 
spines simple. A. 4ft. to 8ft. 
B. cretica (Cretan). 
flowered, Fate 
oblong-oval, entire, or somewhat serrated ; spines 
to five-parted. h. 4ft. to 5ft. Crete and Cyprus, 1759. 
serratifolia has leaves ciliately-serrated. 
(Dastiin's).* ji. orange, racemose, very 
numerous. May, and sometimes again in autumn. 
l. oval or oblong, about lin. long, with usually five 
spiny teeth, A, 2ft. South Chili, 1849. This very fine 
species is, perhaps, the best; it forms a densely- 
branched, spreading, evergreen bush, thus making an 
excellent covert plant. (B. M. 4590.) 
B. dulcis (sweet). Synonymous with B. buxifolia. 
B. emarginata (emarginate). fl., racemes scarcely 
pendulous, shorter than the leaves. Spring. l. lanceo- 
late-obovate, ciliately serrated; spines three- 
h. 6ft. Siberia, 1790. or 
B. empetrifolia (Empetrum-leayed).* fl. 
minal, sub-umbellate, on slender et BP 
fascicles of about se 
few, 
. 
ter- 
in 
B. floribunda ( 
flowered, loose, pama 
or obovate-oblong, 
