218 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Brussels Sprouts—continued. 
advantage be thrown over them for protection; and the 
less they are interfered with when frozen, the better. 
Sorts. The Imported is the best strain for general use ; 
other good sorts are: Sutton’s Matchless, The Aigburth, 
and Serymger’s Giant. 
BRYA (from bryo, to sprout; the seeds germinate 
before falling from the tree). ORD. Leguminose. A small 
genus of stove shrubs or small trees, furnished with 
stipular spines, and solitary, or clustered, or pinnate 
leaves. The undermentioned species thrives in a rich 
fibry loam. Propagated by seeds, or by cuttings, placed in 
a hotbed. 
B. Ebenus (ebony). Jamaica Ebony. f. ss a yellow; peduncles 
two to three together, , one to two-flowered, shorter than 
the leaves. July and August. _ l., leaflets aggregate, obovate. 
h. 12ft. to 14ft. West Indies, 1713. (B. M. 4670.) 
BRYANTHUS (from bryon, a moss, and anthos, a 
flower). ORD. Ericacee. A genus of small trailing shrubs, 
allied to Loiseleuria. Flowers terminal, somewhat race- 
mose; calyx five-leaved, imbricate; corolla deeply five- 
parted, spreading. Leaves crowded, spreading, flattish. 
For culture, see Menziesia. 
B. empetriformis (Crowberry-leaved). reddish-purple, clus- 
tered near the extremities of the branches. l. crowded, linear, 
on short adpressed petioles. h. 6in. North-west America, 1829. 
Syn. Menziesia empetrifolia. (B. M. 3176.) 
B. erectus (erect). fl. red, pentamerous, broadly campanulate. 
l. linear, obtuse, o rely serrated. h. about lft. Siberia. 
iler. (L. & P. F. G. 1, 19.) 
B. Gmelini (Gmelin’s). fl. red; peduncles glandular, many- 
flowered. E with danaou a ERa A din ox Sin,” EA 
chatka and Behring’s Island. 
BRYONTA (from bryo, to sprout; in allusion to the 
annual growth from the tuber). Bryony. ORD. Cucurbitacee. 
Tuberous-rooted perennial herbaceous plants, producing 
annual climbing stems. The native species is well worth 
growing over unsightly hedges, fences, &c., and in the wild 
garden ; it is a rapid grower, and of extremely easy culture. 
The stove perennial species should be grown in pots, and 
the stems trained up the rafters. Rich loam is the soil most 
suitable for their cultivation. Propagated by seeds, or by 
divisions of the tuber. 
R. dioica (di ). jl. greenish-white, racemose, dicecious. fr. 
ace ges red. May to September. J. cordate, mately five- 
0 
a toothed, scabrous, from callous points. England. (Sy. En. 
B. 517.) e 
B. laciniosa (cut-leaved). fl. yellow, solitary ; corollas hairy in- 
side, smooth outside. fr. size of a cherry, striated with white. 
July. l palmately five-parted, cordate, rough, and blistered, 
with oblong-lanceolate, acuminated, serrated segments ; petioles 
muricated. Ceylon, 1710. Stove species. SYN. Bryonopsis laci- 
niosa. See Fig. 286. 
BRYONY. See Bryonia. 
BRYOPHYLLUM (from bryo, to sprout, and phyllon, 
a leaf; plants spring from the notches on the edges of the 
: leaves when taken off the plant, and placed in a moist 
situation). ORD. Crassulacew. This very curious stove suc- 
` eulent thrives in pots of rich loamy soil; perfect drainage 
is essential, and but little water is at any time needed. 
d). jl. yellowish-red ; cymes panicled, 
‘ pp osite, + i ; i i- i a 
nate, with one or two pairs of HE ge gg amet a ~ 
i 2ft. to 3ft. India, 
1806. A fleshy, erect, % k 
for curiosity. á hed evergreen shrub, grown chiefly 
BUCCO. See Agathosma. = 3 | 
BUCIDA. Se T Tee ee a 
BUCKBEAN. See Menyanthes. 
BUCKLANDIA (named after Dr. Buckland, a former 
Dean of Westminster, and Professor of Geology at Oxford). 
‚ORD. Hamamelidee. A handsome greenhouse tree, allied 
to Liquidambar. It thrives in rich sandy loam, peat, and 
leaf mould ; or peat may be left out if the leaf soil is good ; 
perfect drainage is also essential. Cuttings of ripened 
shoots will strike in sandy loam, under a hand glass, with 
Bucklandia—continued. 
moderate heat. They must be watered carefully, or they 
are liable to rot off. 
EB. populnea (Poplar-like). J. pale green, large, leathery, cordate, 
ovate-acute, on long stalks, pinkish when young; stipules very 
curious, large red, consisting of two leafy oblong plates, placed 
face to face in an erect position between the leafstalk and the 
stem. h. 100ft. Himalayas, 1875. (B. M. 6507.) 
BUCKLER MUSTARD. See Biscutella. 
BUCKTHORN. See Rhamnus. 
BUCKWHEAT. See Fagopyrum esculentum. 
BUCKWHEAT-TREE. See Mylocaryum. 
BUDDING. This process consists of taking an eye 
or bud attached to a portion of the bark, and transferring 
it to another and different plant; it is an operation almost 
confined to woody plants, but has been practised with more 
or less success upon herbaceous perenniais. The stock 
should not be budded unless the sap is in circulation, which 
is assured if the bark will detach itself easily, when gently 
lifted, from the wood. 
There are many ways of performing the different 
systems, in preparing and inserting the Buds, &c., and all 
may prove more or less successful if undertaken when the 
Buds and stock are both in a suitable condition. The 
principal methods are Shield or T-budding, including the 
Circular, Square, and Inverted forms; Flute or Tube- 
budding, and Annular or Ring-budding. 
The first-named method, which is fully described below, 
is very extensively practised for propagating Roses and 
stone fruits. It is also coming more in use for the pro- 
pagation of many other fruit ‘trees, including Apples and 
Pears, especially new or scarce varieties, as the great ad- 
vantage of making use of many more of the eyes, to form 
separate trees, is thereby attained. In large nurseries, 
where skilful propagators are employed, thousands of trees 
are annually budded, the majority of them with very suc- 
cessful results. It is, in most cases, preferable to purchase 
established fruit trees, as cultivators require the produce m 
much quicker than they could get it by propagating trees 
themselves. The same system of Budding is, however, 
applicable for increasing Roses; and this may be adopted 
with every chance of success by even a cottager, if he 
takes the necessary care in performing the work. 
Rare varieties of ornamental deciduous trees are largely 
propagated in this way; for instance, many of the Acers, 
Elms, Horse Chestnuts, &c. 
Rhododendrons and Hollies, are also rapidly increased in 
some establishments by this means. 
In the case of fruit-trees, plump wood Buds must be 
selected, from medium-sized branches. On some sorts 
these are scarce, the majority being Flower-buds, and it is 
rather difficult to distinguish between them at the Budding 
season. The best time for the operation is from June to 
the end of August; but surrounding influences, condition of 
Buds, stocks, &c., must be taken into account. Clean cuts, 
with gentle and skilful handling, are even more important 
in the Budding of stone fruits than of Roses or other 
plants, and the ties should be lightly but firmly made. In 
all cases, the operation must be performed as quickly as 
possible, as both Bud and bark are injured if exposed 
to the air for any length of time. a 
Fic. 287. FıG. 288, 
To proceed with the ordinary system of Shield-budding, 
the stock (see Fig. 287 a) should first have a longitudinal and 
Evergreen shrubs, such as _ 
KJ 
