226 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Butea—continued. 
beneath. Branches glabrous. Coromandel, 1798. This approaches 
the preceding species, from which it differs mainly by its scan- 
dent habit, and not by any botanical characters. (B. F. F. 143.) 
BUTOMACEZ:. An order of aquatic plants, now 
usually included under Alismacee. 
BUTOMUS (from bous, an ox, and temno, to cut; in 
reference to the sharp leaves, which injure the mouths of 
cattle that browze upon them). Flowering Rush. ORD. 
Alismacew. A very handsome hardy perennial aquatic, of 
extremely easy culture on the margins of ponds or muddy 
banks. Propagated by divisions of the roots, in spring. 
m 
Fie, 304. BUTOMUS UMBELLATUS, showing Habit and single Flower. 
B. umbellatus (umbelled).* fl. rose-coloured, umbellate ; pedicels 
with scariose sheathing bracts at the base; scape naked, terete, 
longer than the Jeaves. Summer. 
linear, acuminate, triquetrous. Ditches and ponds; frequent in 
i and rare in See Fig. 304. 
BUTTER AND EGGS. The double-flowered variety 
of Narcissus aurantius (which see). 
BUTTER AND TALLOW TREE. See Penta- 
desma. : 
BUTTER-BUR. Sce Petasites vulgaris. 
BUTTERCUPS. See Ranunculus. 
BUTTERFLY ORCHIS. See Habenaria bifolia 
and H. chlorantha. 
BUTTERFLY PLANT. See Oncidium Papilio. 
BUTTER NUT. See Caryocar and Juglans 
cinerea. 
BUTTERWORT. See Pinguicula. 
BUTTON FLOWER. See Gomphia. 
BUTTON-TREE. See Conocarpus. 
BUTTON-WOOD. See Cephalanthus. 
~ BUXUS (from pyknos, dense; referring to the hardness 
of the wood). c Tree. ORD. Euphorbiacee. A genus of 
ardy ev: s or small trees. Flowers unisexual, 
lowers, sg of four minute. segments, 
; n: d under the rudiment of a pistil; 
female flowers singly, at the tips of groups of male ones. 
Fruit, a regma, leathery, beaked with the st 
; 7 a OTAS, yles. Leaves 
simple, opposite, exstipulate, evergreen. These well-known 
plants thrive in any light, well-drained soil. Seeds should 
be sown in similar situations as soon as ri i 
š . Cuttings 
made of the young shoots, from 4in. to Gin. ay 
inserted in a shady place, in August or September, root 
readily. Layers of either young or old wood, made in 
autumn or early spring, will make good plants. They can 
also be increased by suckers and division. 
B. balearica (Balearic).* 1, ellowish-green ipti 
emarginate, coriaceous, about i long, me a, 
margin. h. 15ft. to 20ft. South Europe, 1780. This is a hand- 
some species. The cuttings will require a shelter in winter, 
poo cg Situations it will be better to afford the plants 
l. all radical, Afty to 3ft. long, | 
Buxus—continued. 
B. sempervirens (evergreen).* Common Box. l. oval-oblong, 
retuse, convex, coriaceous, shining; stalks slightly hairy. Ah. 
various, England. There are numerous forms of this popular 
shrub: argentea, silver-variegated; aurea has its leaves varie- 
gated with a golden colour; marginata has leaves with a golden 
margin; myrtifolia has small, oblong, narrowish leaves; obcor- 
data-variegata is a variegated variety, with obcordate leaves, from 
Japan ; sufruticosa is the form usually cultivated for edgings, 
its leaves are small, obovate, this is readily increased by divi- 
reo and requires to be planted firmly, in order to keep it 
warf. : 
BYRSONIMA (from byrsa, a hide, and nimius, much 
used; because the bark of some of the species is used in 
tanning, in Brazil). ORD. Malpighiaceæœ. Ornamental stove 
evergreen trees or shrubs. Flowers racemose, terminal, 
simple or branched. All the species thrive very well in 
any light soil, or a mixture of loam and peat. Cuttings 
made of half-ripened shoots will root freely in sand, under 
a hand glass, in a moist bottom heat. 
B. altissima (tallest).* . white; racemes clothed with rufous 
hairs. July. J. ovate-oblong, covered with rufous down beneath, 
but beset with bristles above, which are fixed by the centre. 
h. 60ft. Guiana, 1820. > 
B. chrysophylla (golden-leaved).* fl. yellow; racemes simple. 
August. 7. oblong, short, acuminated, acute at the base, rather 
wavy on the margin, and revolute, smooth above, clothed beneath 
with silky down, which is of a rusty golden colour. h. 14ft. 
South America, 1823. 
B. coriacea (leathery-leaved). fi. yellow, sweet-scented ; racemes 
densely spiked, pubescent, erect. May. l. ovate, acute, quite 
entire and smooth. A. 30ft. Jamaica, 1814. 
B. crassifolia (thick-leaved). fl, yellow; racemes erect, elon- 
ted, brownish-velvety. July. l. ovate, acute at both ends, at 
ength smooth above, but clothed with brownish down beneath. 
t. Guiana, 1793. 
B. lucida (shining).* pink; petals hastately kidney-shaped ; 
pedicels hispid ; Lo Ea crock short, smooth. May. a 
obovate, cuneiform, obtuse, or mucronate, smooth, veinless, 
s! ._ h. 8ft, Caribbee Islands, 1759. Described as “a 
beautiful shrub,” i 
B. verbascifolia (Verbascum-leaved). fl. yellow; racemes ter- 
minal. Jul l late-obovate, quite entire, downy on both 
surfaces. : 
-BYSTROPOGON (from byo, to close, and pogon, a 
beard; in reference to the throat of the flower being closed 
up with hairs). ORD. Labiate. Greenhouse evergreen 
sub-shrubs, nearly allied to Mentha. Flowers small, in 
dichotomous, sub-corymbose, or panicled cymes; or else 
disposed in dense spicate whorls. Bracts lanceolate or 
subulate. This genus contains easily cultivated species, 
which are, however, of no value for garden purposes, 
* 
CAA-CUYS. See Ilex paraguariensis. 
CAA-MINI. See Ilex paraguariensis. 
CAAPEBA. See Cissampelos Pareira. 
i MAREM DE ANGOLA. See Panicum specta- 
CAA-QUAZU. Sce Ilex paraguariensis. 
CABARET. The French name of Asarum ewropeum. 
CABBAGE. The common name for Brassica; but 
especially applied to the plain-leaved hearting garden 
varieties of Brassica oletas. 48 angr pai aari 
Cabbages in early spring an ug i > 
is Sadet fie Gee NA be planted on rich, deeply- 
trenched ground, in a position free from the shade of fruit 
or other trees. Stable dung or good farmyard manure is 
best for this crop, and should be applied when trenching 
is being done, burying the manure a spit below the surface. 
Cabbages should not be planted successionally on the same 
ground, nor should they follow any of the other species 
of Brassica, if it can be avoided. A warmer position, not 
too much sheltered to make the plants tender, will be 
found beneficial for the earliest spring crop. This should 
not be planted too soon in autumn, as the plants are more 
subject to run to seed, especially if the winter be mild. 
The several forms of Cabbage are well known, being so 
n 6ft. Guiana, 1810. a Aso. a ee i 
