a AN ENCYCLOPÆDIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 247 
~ CALOSANTHES INDICA. A synonym of Orany- 
lum indicum. 
CALOSCORDUM (from kalos, beautiful, and skoro- 
don, garlic). ORD. Liliacee. A genus of half-hardy bulbs, 
allied to Allium, but now referred to Nothoscordum. For 
culture, see Calochortus. 
C. nerineflorum (Nerine-flowered).* fi. rose; umbels about 
twelve-flowered ; spathe one-valved. June and July. J, narrow, 
semi-terete, channelled above. h. 6in. Chusan, 1843. (B. R. 
CALOSTEMMA (from kalos, beautiful, and stemma, 
2 a crown). ORD. Amaryllidacee. Handsome greenhouse 
bulbous plants, natives of New Holland. Flowers funnel- 
shaped, irregular; perianth with the orifice surmounted by 
a corona; stamens erect, united by their dilated bases; 
ovary three-celled, many-seeded. Leaves linear-lorate. 
C. album (white). f. white. May. l _ acute, 3in. to Sin. 
long, 2in. to 3in. broad. h. lft. 1824. 
UL strap-shaped, 
C, luteum (yellow). fl. yellow. onde, 
narrow. h. lft. 1819. (B. M. 2101.) 
c. y am eon tf ji. Perle. ademas l. like those of 
~~ CALOTHAMNUS eat ‘aids beautiful, and tham- 
nos, a shrub; in reference to the elegance of the shrubs, 
from their scarlet flowers and terete leaves). ORD. Myr- 
taceœ. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs. Flowers scarlet, 
axillary and solitary, sessile. Leaves red, crowded, 
terete. They require much the san ture as Calli- 
stemon. Cuttings of young wood, firm at the base, will 
root in sand, if covered by a hand glass, which requires 
to be occasionally ko off and wiped, to prevent damp. 
uadrifidus © cleft), fl, scarlet, r ngat E secund ; 
C. 
buniies of stamens r, distinct, è 
well as the flowers). h. 2ft. to aft. 
.) 
v uly. 
ual, gg ey s (as 
West — hs. 
C. villosa (villous), 
equal, distinct. July to September. i. villons ta well as the 
‘ . fruit). h. 2ft. to 4ft. West Australia, 1823. (B. R. 1099.) 
eS CALOTIS (from kalos, beantiful, and ous, tous an ear; 
i in reference to the chaffy scales of the pappus, or seed- 
j Senha to Bellium. ORD. Composite. Greenhouse 
E y herbaceous perennials, rarely annuals," all 
; w natives of Anstralia. Receptacle naked; involucre nearly 
many-leaved, in a single or double row. They may 
- be grown su in any garden soil. Pro- 
a pagated by divisions of the root. 
$ cuneifolia * heads solitary, 
Ng. See by eara ey terminal, 
~~ Greenhouse herbaceous perennial. (B. R. 504.) 
CALO PIS (from kalos, beautiful, and tropis, a 
keel; literally “beautifully twisted,” apparently in refe- 
rence to the corolla of C. gigantea). ORD: Asclepiadee. 
A genus of stove evergreen shrubs, or small trees. The 
three species bear large Handsome flowers, in interpetiolar 
umbels. They thrive best in a mixture of „Joam, sand, and 
peat, Young cuttings, thinly dibbled in a pot of sand, 
strike root freely under a hand glass, in heat. Care must 
be taken that they do not receive an excess of moisture, or 
they will a z 
Cc. antic)” very handsome, a mixture of rose 
and © wn a ma shorter than the gynostegium obtuse, cir- 
cinately Peurvad: at the base; umbels sometimes, though rarely, 
3 com aes surroun by several involucral scales, Jt L de- 
i cussa' ig! foo oath Bi rded on the upper side at the 
ii ae ia 2 ‘with woolly down on the under side, 4in. to 6in. 
reg apie 3in. broad. A. 6ft. to 15ft. India, &., 1690. (B. R. 
c. procera (tall). -Jt while: petals s reading, marked at the top 
le spot. blong, on short petioles, 
whitign fom yoo wool. ey, 6ft. pai 1714. E R. 1792.) 
a See Kopsia. ; 
i CALTHA (a nynoope of kalathos, a goblet; in allusion 
to the form the perianth, which may be likened to 
a. golden cup). Marsh Marigold. Orv. Ranunculacee. 
Hardy herbaceous perennials, of easy culture on the margin 
of a piece of water, or in a m a es 
os where their showy ms look very brilliant, 
r i 
w 
Jl. scarlet, quinguefid ; Wando of stamens | 
Caltha—continued. 
Propagation is readily effected by dividing the roots, in 
early spring, or in summer after flowering. * 
C. leptosepala (slender-sepaled).* fl. pure white, one to two u 
erect, scape- =o peduncles. May, June, l, radical, cordate, the 
margins nearly entire, or sometimes crenate. A, Lt North- 
western America, 1827. (H. F. B. A. 1, 49, .) 
Fic. 331. CALTHA PALUSTRIS MONSTROSA PLENA, 
palustris (marsh).* jl. golden-coloured, large; peduncles fur- 
Clee Sota L cordate, somewhat orbicular, round] -crenate, 
with rounded Sariolaa Stems dichotomous, erect. A. lft. Great 
Britain. (Sy. En. B. 40.) The double forms of this species, under 
the names of nana plena and monstrosa plena Fig. 331) 
are excellent. plants, and, though growing best mn the he Hnr oiiato 
. vicinity of water, and most appropriate or rough scenery, ae 
like the type, do very well in ordinary well-enriched soil. A 
variety named purpurascens, from Southern Europe, 
showy, more erect, and vues the shoots and Batina 
purplish. 
C. p. biflora (two-flowered), A twin- Rivero wi of C. palus- 
tris. North America, 1827. This is not quite so tall as the type, 
and the flowers are rather larger. 
Cc. parnassifolia Eaman: men: yellow, on e 
Sakk a uncles, April, ma. S co te-ovate, 
h. 3in. to aa North America, 18 * 
ht yellow, several in small cyme. 
“xo, May. May. l. reniforn T eniform cordate, te, sharply cronate-serrate, spread- 
CALTROPS. S See peal ey 
_ CALTROPS, WATER. See Trapa natans. 
CALUMBA, FALSE. See Coscinium fenes- 
CALUMBA ROOT. See Jateorrhiza ba. 
CALUMBA WOOD. See Coscinium tum. 
CALYCANTHACEÆ. A natural order of shrubs, 
with square stems, having four woody axes surrounding the 
central one. Flowers solitary, lurid; calyx of numerous 
coloured sepals compounded with the petals. Leaves oppo- 
site, entire, exstipulate. The two genera known are Caly- 
canthus and Chimonanthus. 
CALYCANTHUS (from kalyz, EDS a calyx, and 
anthos, a flower; in reference to the calyx being coloured, 
and appearing like a corolla). Allspice. Orp. Calycan- 
thacew, A genus of hardy, deciduous, North American — 
shrubs. Flowers lurid purple, axillary, and terminal, 
stalked, sweet-scented ; stamens numerous. Leay Sia 
site, oval or ovate-lanceolate, entire, generally ao 
the surface; sweet-scented, All are handsome and well 
worth growing. They thrive best in a peaty compost, but 
grow freely i in almost any soil. Increased by layers, put 
down in the summer; or by seed, sown as soon as ripe, or 
in spring, in a cold frame. 
C. floridus (Floridan).* Carolina Allspice. fl. with a sweet 
apple scent. ( May. ovate, downy y beneath; as well as the 
bennie. Branches n; roots smell 
of camphor. A. rk Carolina, 1726. See Fig. 
B. M 403) There are several varieties of this species. 
