4, 
ARTIFICIAL ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS.  XXxvii 
Crass II. MONOCOTYLEDONOUS or ENDOGENOUS 
PLANTS. 
Stem composed of cellular tissue and scattered bundles of woody fibre 
and vessels, destitute of proper pith, bark, or concentric layers, and in- 
creasing in diameter by the deposition of new fibrous bundles. Leaves 
mostly alternate, entire, and parallel-veined, commonly sheathing at the 
base, seldom falling off by an articulation. Floral envelopes usually by 
threes. Cotyledon single. 
* Floral envelopes none. Flowers on a spadix. 
Stemless, floating herbs. j 
Plants frond-like, with no distinction of stem and leaves. LEMNACEJE, 442 
Leaves clustered, spreading. Flowers axillary- Pistia in ARACEJE, 439 
Caulescent, leafy, rooting herbs. 
Fruit a berry. Spadix enclosed in a spathe. ARACEJE, 439 
Fruit an achenium. Stem immersed, floating. ` NAIADACEJE, 444 
Stem not immersed, erect. TYPHACEJE, 443 
* * Floral envelopes (perianth) single or double, not glumaceous. 
Ovary adherent to the perianth. 
Stamens and pistil united into a column. detis en. c i ee m 
Stamens and pistil separate. ch ue WU es 23 
. Flowers moncecious or diecious. = 
‘Plowins enckusd in caja in tin bal, Aginte. "HYDROCHARIDACRA, 450 
. Flowers without a spathe. Leaves reticulate. Terrestrial vines. DIOSCOREACELJE, 474 
Flowers perfect. 
Ovary l-celled. Stamens 3. Leaves minute. BURMANNIACEZ, 451 
Ovary 3-celled. Stamen l. Flowers irregular. CANNACEZ, 465 
Stamens 3. Anthers extrorse. TRIDACEA, 472 
Stamens Sor 6. Perianth woolly or seurfy. | HJEMODORACEJE, 469 
Stamens 6. Perianth smooth or hairy. AMARYLLIDACEJE, 466 
Ovary free from the perianth. 
Perianth single (calyx). 
Flowers on a spadix. Ovary solitary. ARACEJE, 439 
Ovaries 4. Stém leafy. NAIADACEJ, 444 
Flowers on a seape, spiked. Leaves rush-like. JUNCAGINEJE, 447 
Perianth double (calyx and corolla). 
Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and glume-like. : |. JUNCACEX, 492 
Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and not glume-like. 
Leaves ribbed and netted-veined. Fruit a berry. SMILACEJE, 475 
Leaves parallel-veined. 
Capsule 1-celled. Stamens, or the fertile ones, three PONTEDERIACEJ, 496 
Capsule or berry 3- (rarely 4 or 6-) celled. 
poids ee en, Style single. 
Stigmas 3, nearly sessile. 
Styles 3. 
Anthors extrorse (except Tofeldia). Styles 3 or 1- 
