84 POLYGALACEE. (MILKWORT FAMILY.) 
10. P. incarnata, L. Stem often simple, glaucous ; leaves scattered, lin- 
ear, fleshy, sometimes minute and subulate ; spikes lanceolate, acute, dense- 
flowered ; petals united into a tube which is twice as long as the elliptical 
wings, conspicuously crested; caruncle spongy, as long as the stalk of the 
oval hairy seed. — Dry sandy soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. June 
- August. — Stem 19-29 high. Bracts deciduous. Flowers and often the rachis 
purple. 
11. P. setacea, Michx. Stems simple or sparingly Pick slender; 
leaves minute, scale-like; spikes oblong, dense-flowered, acute; wings oblong, 
acute, as long as the petals ; caruncle and seeds as in No. 10. — Low pine bar- 
rens, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. May - July. — Stem 19 high 
Spikes }'- 1’ long. Flowers pale rose-color or whitish. Bracts deciduous. 
* * * Spikes solitary: leaves whorled: flowers purple. ` 
12. P. cruciata, L. Stem erect, 4-angled, simple or branched; leaves 
in fours, linear or oblong-linear, thick, obtuse, the upper ones alternate; spikes 
large, ovate, becoming cylindrical, short-peduncled ; wings ovate, tapering into 
along subulate point; lobes of the caruncle linear, collateral, as long as the 
smoothish oval seed. — Pine-barren swamps, Florida to Mississippi, and north- 
ward. July- Oct. — Stem 6’-12' high. Spikes 1'-2/long, $'thick. Flowers 
pale rose-color. Bracts persistent. 
13. P. brevifolia, Nutt. Stem weak, 4-angled, with long and spreading 
branches; leaves thin, lanceolate or linear, acute, the lower ones in fours ; spikes 
small, ovate, long-peduncled ; wings lanceolate-ovate, barely pointed; carunele 
as long as the obovate hairy seed. — Bogs, Florida and northward. July- 
Oct. — Stem 19-13? long. Spikes scarcely half as large as in the preceding. 
Flowers reddish-purple. Bracts persistent. ; 
14. P. Hookeri, Torr. & Gray. Stems short, weak, much branched, 4- 
angled; leaves in fours, short, linear, acutish; spikes long-peduncled, ovate- 
lanceolate, acuminate, loose-flowered; wings erect, lanceolate-ovate, acute; 
earuncle as long as the ovoid sparse-hairy and viscid seed. — Low grassy 
pine barrens, West Florida and westward. July - Sept. — Stems 6'—- 10! high. 
Leaves 4"—6" long ; those of the branches mostly alternate. Flowers pale 
rose-color. Bracts persistent. 
$ 2. Flowers in slender racemes or spikes. 
* Leaves alternate: perennials or biennials. E 
15. P. grandiflora, Walt. Pubescent ; stems branching; leaves lanceo- 
late; flowers large, crestless, scattered in long racemes ; fruiting pedicels droop- 
ing; wings large, orbicular, erect; caruncle enclosing the stalk of the oblong 
hairy seed. (P. pubescens, Musk) — Varie With smoothish linear leaves, and 
smaller flowers. (P. flabellata, Shuttl.) — Dry light soil, Florida to South Car- - 
olina, and westward. July- Sept X — Stem 19 high. Racemes 3/-6/long, | 
often lateral ert of the stem. Flowers beat pepe 
greenish. _ 
16. P. 
