SAXIFRAGACEJE. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 151 
3. PENTHORUM, Gronov. 
Sepals 5. Petals 5, often wanting. Stamens 10. Carpels 5, united into a 
5-celled capsule, spreading at the summit, which falls away at maturity. Seeds 
numerous. — Perennial (not fleshy) herbs, with alternate serrate leaves, and 
yellowish flowers on one side of the revolute branches of the simple cyme. 
1. P. sedoides, L. Stem erect, 19-2? high; leaves lanceolate; petals 
commonly none. — Ditches and muddy places, common. July - Sept. 
Orper 64. SAXIFRAGACE/E. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 
Calyx of 4-5 more or less united sepals, free, or more or Jess adherent 
to the ovary, persistent. Petals as many as the sepals, rarely wanting. 
Stamens as many, or 2—4 times as many, inserted with the petals on the 
calyx. Ovaries 2 or sometimes 3—4, commonly united below, and sepa- 
rate at the summit. Seeds few—- many. Embryo straight, in the axis of 
fleshy albumen. 
Synopsis. ; 
Suporper I. SAXIFRAGEZE. Herbs. Petals imbricated in the 
bud. Stipules adnate to the petiole, or none. 
: * Stamens as many as the sepals. 
l LEPUROPETALON. Styles 3- Capsule 1-celled, beakless. 
2. HEUCHERA. Styles2. Capsule 1-celled, 2-beaked. 
8 BOYKINIA. Styles 2. Capsule 2-celled, 2-beaked. 
* * Stamens twice as many as the sepals, 
+ Capsule 2-celled. 
4. SAXIFRAGA. Flowers perfect, Stamens 10. Leaves entire or lobed. 
5. ASTILBE. Flowers polygamous. Stamens 10. Leaves ternately compound. 
+ + Capsule 1-celled. 
6. TIARELLA. Stamens 10. Petals 5, entire. 
7. MITELLA. Stamens 10. Petals 5, pinnatifid. 
8. CHRYSOSPLENIUM. Stamens 8-10. Petals none. 
Svuzorper IL ESCALLONIEZE. Shrubs. Petals valvate in the 
bud. Stipules none. Leaves alternate. 
9. ITEA. Stamens and petals 5. Flowers in a dense raceme. 
Sunorper I. HYDRANGIEZ. Shrubs. Petals valvate or con- 
volute in the bud. Leaves opposite. Stipules none. 
10. HYDRANGEA. Petals valvate. Stamens 8 - 10. Styles distinct. _ 
ll DECUMARIA. Petals valvate. Stamens 20 or more. Styles united. 
12. PHILADELPHUS. Petals convolute. Stamens 20 or more. Styles 4. Capsule 4-valved. 
