174 RUBIACEX. (MADDER FAMILY.) ; 
2. G. uniflorum, Michx. Smooth; stems mostly simple, slender, erect; ; 
leaves linear, acute, rough on the margins, punctate beneath ; berry smooth, - 
black. — Dry rich soil, Florida to South Carolina, and westward. June and — 
July.— Stems numerous, I? high. Flowers white. : 
* * Fruit dry: peduncles commonly 3 - many-flowered. 
3. G. trifidum, L. Stems slender, weak, smooth or rough-angled, at - 
length diffuse; leaves 4 —6 in a whorl, unequal, varying from linear to spatu- 
late-lanceolate, obtuse, smooth, or rough on the margins and midrib, the upper 
ones often opposite ; peduncles 1~3-flowered ; corolla-lobes and stamens often - 
3; fruit smooth. (G. tinctorium, L.)— Wet places, Florida, and northward. — 
June and July. — Stems 19 - 2° Jong. Flowers white. Plant dries black. s — 
4. G. triflorum, Michx. Stems weak, diffuse, very rough; leaves 4-6 — 
in a whorl, lanceolate or elliptical, cuspidate, the upper surface and veins be a 
neath hispid ; peduncles mostly 3-flowered ; fruit densely uncinate-hispid. — x 
Low shaded places, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. July.— Stems - 
29-3? long. Flowers greenish-white. A smoother form is G. cuspidatum, 
Muhl. ; 
5. G. pilosum, Ait. Stems rigid, hairy or roughened on the angles, 
branching; leaves small (4 — 8), 4 in a whorl, oval, slightly pointed, more oF 
less hairy and roughened, dotted; peduncles 2 — 3 times forking ; fruit pedicelled, ‘eh 
bristly with hooked hairs. (G. Bermudianum, Zll., apparently a diseased state.) d 
— Dry soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. Ji une-Sept.— Stem 10-3? 
long. Flowers purple. i; ITO 
6. G. cirezezans, Michx. Stems erect, smooth or nearly so; leaves larg? — 
(1/-1}'), 4 in a whorl, oval, mostly obtuse, 3-nerved, pubescent; peduncles - 
forking, then spreading and spike-like ; fruit bristly with hooked hairs, nearly 
sessile, nodding. — Dry open woods, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. 
July. — Stems several, sparingly branched, 1° high. Flowers purple. f 
7. G. latifolium, Michx. Stems erect, smooth ; leaves thin, 4 in a whorl, 
ovate-lanceolate, acute, smooth, 3-nerved, dotted, minutely fringed on the mar- 
gins ; peduncles filiform, 2~3 times forking; fruit smooth. — Mountains of 
North Carolina, and northward. July.—Stems 19-149 high. Leaves 1!-2 
long. Flowers purple. d 
2. SPERMACOCE, L. 
(Calyx 2-4-parted, persistent. Corolla salver-shaped or fannelshaped,4lobeb — 
valvate in the bud. Stamens 4, inserted on the throat of the corolla. Stigm$ — 
simple or 2-cleft. Fruit composed of two 1-seeded carpels, separating from the ut 
apex downward, one of them closed by the partition, the other open. Seeds 
grooved on the inner face. — Low herbs. Leaves obliquely straight-veined, : 
their bases connected by the bristly-fringed sheathing stipules. Flowers small, 
