188 COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
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shaped; scales ovate, acute, fringed. — Dry rich woods, Middle Florida. June 
and July. — Stem 2? - 3? high. 
3. V. Noveboracensis, Willd. Stem more or less pubescent, tendi 
above; leaves lanceolate, serrate, mostly roughish above, smooth or pubescent 
beneath; corymbs spreading; involucre hemispherical, the scales fringed, ovate, 
ending in a long filiform point, or simply acute. (V. tomentosa, Ell V. præ- 
alta, Willd.) — River-banks and low ground, Florida to Mississippi, and north- - 
ward. July- Sept. — Stem 3°-6° high. Scales of the involucre parple ime 
usually covered with web-like hairs. 
4. V. fasciculata, Michx., var,altissima, Torr. & Gray. Stem tall, 
and, like the lanceolate serrate boron smoothish; involucre small, hemispheri- 
cal; the scales ovate, acute or mucronate, fringed, appressed. (V. altissima, 
Nutt.) — Low ground, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. September. 
— Stem 6°-10° high. Leaves 6'-12' long. 
5. V. angustifolia, Michx. Stem slender, smooth or hairy, very D 
leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, smoothish, or pubescent and roughish, the low- 
est ones sparingly denticulate, the upper entire, with the margins revolute; cor- 
ymbs mostly umbel-like ; involucre bell-shaped; the scales lanceolate, fringed, 
acute or conspicuously mucronate. (V. scaberrima, Nutt.) — Dry pine barrens, 
Florida to North Carolina, and westward. June- August. — Stem 2°- 39 e 
2. STOKESIA, L'Her. 
Heads many-flowered ; the marginal flowers much larger, deeply split on the — 
inside, and ray-like. Involucre subglobose, bracted, the outer scales prol 
into a leafy bristly-fringed appendage, the i inner ones lanceolate and entire. wi 
ceptacle naked. Achenia short, 3- - &-angled, smooth. Pappus composed of 
4-5 filiform chaffy deciduous scales. — A sparingly branched downy-s 
perennial Leaves smooth, lanceolate, entire, the upper ones sessile, and, like 
the bracts, fringed at the base, the lowest narrowed into a slender petiole. Heads 
few or solitary, large, terminal. Flowers blue. 
1. S. cyanea, L'Her. — Wet pine barrens, South Carolina, and esta E od 
very rare. — Stems 1°-1}° high. Heads 1/ wide. To 
3. ELEPHANTOPUS, L: Exernaxr’s-roor. 
Heads 3-5-lowered, crowded in terminal 3-bracted clusters. Flowers al 
equal and similar. Involucre compressed ; scales 8, in 2 rows, dry, oblong, 
acute, dotted. Receptacle naked. Corolla deeply split on one side, palmate- 
Achenium oblong, ribbed, hairy. Pappus bristly from à dilated base, double of 
single. — Erect hairy corymbose-branched perennials, with alternate ample leaves 
and ume or E white flowers. 
, Willd. Stem Jety, hairy; leaves thin, ori 
dein noone: 4 qubeiri MM MM 
