COMPOSITJE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 209 
pubescent beneath ; racemes roundish or oblong, much shorter than the leaves, 
the upper ones more or less racemose; heads about 10-flowered ; rays 3-4 ; 
scales of the involucre smoothish, obtuse; achenia silky-pubescent. (S. flexi- 
caulis, Hil.) — Shady woods in the upper districts. September. — Stem 19-29 
high, often flexuous. Leaves 3'-5' long, 2'-3' wide. Racemes sometimes ' 
longer than the leaves. 
6. S. esesia, L. Stem slender, often branching, smooth and glaucous ; 
leaves smooth, lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, sharply serrate ; racemes all dis- 
tinet, roundish, much shorter than the leaves; the lowest rarely elongated ; 
heads about 10-flowered ; rays 3-4, large, bright yellow; scales of the invo- 
lucre smooth, obtuse; achenia pubescent.— Damp shady woods and banks, 
Florida and northward. September. — Stem 2°-3° high, often purple. Leaves 
3'-5'long, j'-1' wide. Racemes in all the upper axils. 
7. S. Curtisii, Torr. & Gray. Smoothish; stem tall, not glaucous, 
straight and mostly simple, striate-angled; leaves lanceolate or obovate-lanceo- 
late, acuminate at each end, sharply serrate above the middle, sessile; racemes 
dense, much shorter than the leaves ; heads 8 - 12-flowered ; rays4- 6; scales of 
the involucre oblong-linear, obtuse; achenia hoary-pubescent. — Mountains of 
North Carolina and Tennessee. September, — Stem 2°-3° high. Leaves 
..9/ - 6' long. : 
8. S. monticola, Torr. & Gray. Smoothish ; stem terete, simple and 
slender, puberulent above; leaves very thin, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 
slightly serrate; the upper ones small and bract-like ; racemes sessile, the up- 
permost approximate and nearly as long as the leaves; heads about 15-flow- 
ered; scales of the involucre linear, acute ; achenia smooth. — Mountains of 
North Carolina, Curtis. September. — Leaves and flowers smaller than the last. 
9. S. lancifolia, Torr. & Gray. Smooth; stem tall, simple, angled ; 
leaves long-lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, sessile ; racemes approximate, 
peduncled, somewhat compound ; the upper ones longer than the reduced leaves ; 
heads nearly sessile; scales of the involucre oblong, very obtuse, minutely gran- 
ular ; achenia hairy.— Mountains of North Carolina. September. — Stem 
8° high. Leaves 4'-5' long. Heads large. 
o Racemes crowded in racemose or pyramidal terminal panicles, longer than the 
leaves (except No. 15): lowest leaves large, commonly tapering into a petiole, the 
uppermost small, sessile and entire. 
10. S. bicolor, L. Pubescent; stem simple, or branching above ; lowest 
ves spatulate-oblong, serrate ; the upper lanceolate ; panicle racemose, the 
lowest racemes shorter than the leaves; heads about 20-flowered ; rays 7 - 9, short, 
Whitish ; scales of the involucre obtuse. — Dry soil in the upper districts, and 
northward. September, — Stem 1°-2° high. Radical leaves 2! 5' long. T 
. M. 8. puberula, Nutt. Minutely pubescent; stem simple, virgate ; low- : 
est leaves spatulate-oblong, serrate above the middle ; the upper lanceolate ; - 
