COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 215 
often pedicelled, top-shaped ; rays about 10.— Low sandy places, common. 
Oct. — Stem 2? high. Heads smaller than those of the preceding. 
21. BIGELOVIA, DC. 
Heads 3 - 4-flowered ; the flowers all tubular and perfect. Involucre cylin- 
drical-club-shaped, as long as the flowers; the scales linear, rigid, appressed, 
somewhat viscid. Receptacle narrow, cuspidate. Achenia terete, striate, hairy. 
Pappus simple, of numerous scabrous capillary bristles. Styles scarcely exserted. 
— A smooth erect perennial herb, with narrow obtuse and entire leaves, and small 
heads of yellow flowers, disposed in a compound corymb. 
1. B. nudata, DC. Stem mostly simple, virgate; lowest leaves spatulate- 
lanceolate, obscurely 3-nerved ; the others scattered, linear. (Chrysocoma nu- 
data, Michx.) — Var. viRGATA. Lowest leaves linear-spatulate, l-nerved ; the 
others narrow-linear or filiform ; heads larger. — Low pine barrens, Florida, and 
northward. S®pt.— Stem 2° high. 
22. ISOPAPPUS, Torr. & Gray. 
Heads several-flowered. Rays 5 —12, pistillate. Involucre cylindrical-cam- 
panulate; the scales lanceolate-subulate, imbricated in 2-3 rows, appressed. 
Receptacle alveolate. Achenia terete, silky. Pappus a single row of nearly 
equal capillary bristles. —Biennials. Stems paniculate. Leaves alternate, nar- 
?«.. Heads scattered, on slender peduncles. Rays yellow. — 
l. I. divaricatus, Torr. & Gray. Hispid and glandular; stem erect, the 
slender branches spreading ; leaves linear-lanceolate, sparingly toothed ; involu- 
cre soft-hairy; rays 5-8. (Chrysopsis divaricata, Nutt.) — Sandy fields and 
Woods, Florida, Georgia, and westward. Sept. — Stem 1°-4° high. Panicle 
large. Heads 15 — 20-flowered. 
23. HETEROTHECA, Cass. 
Heads many-flowered. Rays pistillate. Scales of the involucre imbricated in 
few rows, linear. Receptacle alveolate, bristly. Achenia of the rays oval, des- 
titute of pappus, those of the disk-flowers obovate, compressed, hairy, with a 
double pappus; the outer one short and chaffy, the inner bristly. — Biennial 
Tough-hairy branching herbs, with irregularly toothed or entire alternate leaves, 
and corymbose-panicled heads of yellow flowers. i 
, |. H. scabra, DC. Leaves oblong, toothed, commonly sessile or clasp- 
mg; the lowest petioled, obtuse or somewhat cordate at the base; involucre 
thick, shorter than the brownish inner pappus. (Chrysopsis scabra, Nutt.) — - 
Dey sandy places along the coast, South Carolina, and westward. Sept.— Stem 
"gid, 19—20 high. Leaves 1/— 9! long. oe " 
B | 24. CHRYSOPSIS, Nutt. ^ 
