228 COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
pinnatifid ; the middle ones 3— 5-parted ; the uppermost often undivided, toothed; 
disk yellowish, ovate or conical; rays large, drooping; chaff of the receptacle 
truncate, pubescent at the apex, about as long as the 3-angled achenia. (R. digi- 
tata, Mill. R. levigata, Pursh.) — Swamps, Florida, and northward. July and 
August. — Leaves large. Rays 1'—- 2' long. 
7. R. heterophylla, Torr.& Gray. Pubescent; stem corymbose above; 
leaves coarsely serrate, rough above, tomentose beneath; the lowest orbicular- 
cordate or 3— 5-parted, on long petioles ; the middle ones 3-lobed ; the upper- 
most ovate, sessile and entire; disk globose, yellowish; rays drooping ; chaff of 
the receptacle acute ; achenia 3-sided. — Swamps, Middle Florida. August — 
Stem 3°-4° high. Leaves and heads much smaller than in the preceding. 
* * Disk columnar, elongated : stems tall, simple. 
8. R. maxima, Nutt. Smooth; leaves large, membranaceous, oval or 
oblong, slightly toothed or entire, feather-veined, the lower ones petioled, the 
upper clasping; head solitary, long-peduncled ; rays large, drooping.— Wet 
pine barrens, West Florida and westward. August. — Stem 49-99 high. Low- 
est leaves 8'—19'long. Rays 2! long. 
9. R. nitida, Nutt. Smooth and shining ; stem tall, naked abovo; leaves 
rigid, oblong-lanceolate, slightly toothed or entire, 3 — 5-ribbed ; the lowest long- 
petioled; the upper partly clasping, small; rays large, drooping; disk brown. 
— Borders of swampy thickets, Georgia, Florida, and westward. July.— Stem 
39-5? high. Lowest leaves 4' — 6' long. 
* * * Lower leaves opposite: disk ovate, yellow: chaff of the receptacle cuspidate, 
ribbed: achenia biconvex, striate, hairy, rounded at the apex: pappus none. 
10. R.? Porteri, Gray. Rough with short scattered hairs; stem pamicu- 
lately branched ; leaves lanceolate, entire, narrowed at each end, fringed at the 
base; exterior scales of the involucre linear, as long as the disk; the interior 
shorter, resembling the chaff of the receptacle; rays 7-9, longer than the disk. 
— Stone Mountain, Georgia. — Stem 29 — 3° high. 
46. LEPACHYS, Raf. 
Scales of the involucre few and small. Chaff of the oblong or columnar 
receptacle truncate and thickened at the apex. Achenia flattened and margined- 
Pappus 2-toothed or none. Otherwise like Rudbeckia. — Perennials. Leaves 
pinnately divided. Rays large, drooping, yellow. 
1. L. pinnata, Torr. & Gray. Rough with short appressed hairs; stem 
sparingly branched; divisions of the leaves 3— 7, lanceolate, acute, serrate OF 
entire; disk yellowish, oval or oblong, shorter than the rays ; pappus obscurely 
2-toothed. (Rudbeckia tomentosa, Ell) — Dry soil, West Florida, Georgi» 
and westward. July- Sept. — Stem 39-49 high. Rays 2! long. 
47. HELIANTHUS, L. SUNFLOWER. as 
Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers neutral; those of thg disk tubular and — 
perfect. Scales of the involucre imbricated in 3 or more rows, with or without 
