COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 229 
leafy spreading tips. Receptacle flat or convex, chaffy. Achenia 4-angled, usu- 
ally compressed. Pappus of 2 (rarely 3 - 4) caducous,chaffy scales or awns. — 
Annual or perennial herbs, with opposite or alternate, commonly 3-ribbed, undi- 
vided leaves. Heads solitary, terminating the stem or branches. Disk yellow 
or dark purple. Rays yellow. 
* Annual: disk dark purple: chaff of the receptacle 3-toothed : leaves on long and 
slender petioles: achenia pubescent. 
1. H. debilis, Nutt. Roughish; stem slender, decumbent, branching; 
leaves rarely opposite, deltoid-ovate, acuminate, wavy-serrulate ; heads small ; 
seales of the involucre narrowly lanceolate, slender-pointed ; pappus 2-awned. 
— Shores of East Florida. — Stem 19 -29 long. Rays 10-14. 
. 9. H. precox, Gray & Engelm. Rough with scattered rigid hairs, villous 
when young; stem erect, paniculately branched, somewhat spotted ; leaves thin, 
coarsely serrate, acuminate, undulate, the lowest deltoid-ovate, cordate, opposite, 
the upper ones ovate-lanceolate; scales of the involucre lanceolate-subulate ; 
rays 15 - 20. — Sandy shores, West Florida, and westward. July -Sept. — Stem 
29 - 3° high. 
* * Perennial; disk dark purple. 
+ Rays minute or wanting. 
3. H. Radula, Torr. & Gray. Stem simple, ascending, leafy and hirsute 
towards the base, naked and smoothish above ; leaves thick, entire, rugose, hir- 
sute, the 4 radical ones large, roundish or rhombic ; spreading ; the lower ones 
obovate, opposite ; the uppermost small, linear ; scales of the involucre oblong- 
Ovate ; rays mostly wanting ; ' chaff of the receptacle acuminate. — Low sandy 
pine bkn, Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. Oct.— Stem 2° high. Heads 
rather large. 
M + + Rays conspicuous. 
4. H. angustifolius, L. Stem rough-hairy or smoothish, paniculately 
branched ; leaves linear, elongated, entire, with the margins revolute ; the lowest 
ones opposite ; scales of the involucre lanceolate, acuminate ; chaff of the recep- 
tacle 3-toothed ; rays 12-18, showy. — Varies, with broader leaves, and the disk 
at first yellow. — Low ground, Florida to Mississippi, and northward, common. 
Oct. — Stem 29 - 6? high. Leaves 3! — 6' long. 
5. H. heterophyllus, Nutt. Hirsute or hispid; stem slender, mostly 
simple, naked above ; leaves opposite, thick, entire; the lower ones lanceolate or 
oblong, tapering into a petiole; the others linear, remote; scales of the invo- 
lucre lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate ; chaff of the receptacle 3-toothed, the middle 
tooth euspidate; rays 15-20, elongated. — Pine-barren swamps, Florida to 
North Carolina, and westward. Sept. and Oct.— Stem 2°-4° high. Lowest 
leaves 2’~6' long. Rays 1}/ long. 
8. H. atrorubens, L. Hirsute or hispid; stem sparingly branched and 
Somewhat naked above ; leaves opposite, oval, serrate, the lowest large and long- 
Petioled ; the upper small, sessile, distant ; scales of the involucre oval or oblong, 
Obtuse ; chaff of the receptacle acute; rays about 12; achenia pubescent at the 
Apex. (H. sparsifolius, Ell.) — Dry soil, Florida to North Carolina. 
: Oct. — Stem 29 -5* high Annam a tee Bm 
