COMPOSITZ. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 233 
scales of the involucre in a single row, lanceolate-subulate ; achenia mostly 
broadly winged ; awns of the pappus slender; flowers white ; rays none. — Rich 
soil, in the lower districts, Georgia and South Carolina, and westward, rare. 
Sept. — Stem 4°- 8° high. Leaves 5' — 98! long. 
3. A. helianthoides, Nutt. Stem hirsute, strongly winged ; leaves alter- 
nate, ovate-lanceolate, sessile, rough-hairy above, downy and hoary beneath; 
heads few, corymbose; scales of the involucre in 2-3 rows, broadly lanceolate, 
appressed ; rays 8-14, yellow; achenia slightly winged; awns bristle-like. — 
Near Louisville, Georgia, and westward. July. — Stem 29-39 high. Leaves 
3' long. Rays 1j' long. 
4. A. nudieaulis, Nutt. Hirsute; stem wingless, somewhat naked and 
corymbose above; leaves opposite, oblong, sessile, barely acute, the uppermost 
small and mostly alternate; heads corymbose ; scales of the involucre short, in 
2-3 rows; rays 7-12, yellow ; achenia obovate-oblong, mostly wingless ; awns 
short. (Helianthus ? aristatus, Æll.) — Dry sandy woods, Georgia, Alabama, 
and Florida. Aug. and Sept. — Stem 2° high. Leaves 2/—3' long. 
* * Stems low, simple: pappus obsolete: rays none. 
5. A. pauciflora, Nutt. Stem wingless, simple, smooth below, naked and 
rough above; leaves opposite or alternate, lanceolate or elliptical, sessile, rigid, 
obtuse, strongly reticulate, rough with short rigid hairs ; heads solitary or 2-3 
together, terminal ; scales of the involucre in 2 rows, lanceolate, appressed ; 
flowers orange-yellow; the marginal ones abortive; achenia oblong-obovate, 
narrowly winged, with a cup-shaped disk ; pappus wanting. — Low pine barrens 
hear the coast, West Florida. June and July. — Stem 1°-2° high. Leaves 2/ 
long. Involucre, chaff, and achenia dark brown. 
50. COREOPSIS, L. Ticksrep. 
Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers commonly 8, neutral, rarely wanting. 
Involucre double; each row of about 8 scales; the outer ones narrow and 
Spreading ; the inner membranaceous and appressed. Receptacle flat, chaffy. 
Chaff membranaceous, mostly deciduous with the achenia. Achenia compressed, 
often winged, not narrowed nor beaked at the apex, awnless, or with a pappus 
of two upwardly hispid or serrulate awns or scales. — Herbs. Leaves entire or 
Pitnately divided. Heads solitary or corymbose. Disk dark purple or yellow. 
Rays yellow, rarely rose-color. dente 
* Rays none. 
1. C. discoidea, Torr. & Gray. Smooth; stem diffusely branched ; leaves 
long-petioled, 3-parted, with ovate-lanceolate coarsely serrate divisions ; the up- 
Permost often simple ; heads small, on short peduncles ; exterior involucre folia- 
Ceous, longer than the heads ; achenia narrowly wedge-shaped, hairy.— Swamps, 
North Carolina, and northward. July-Sept.—Stem1°-2°high, ° — 
* * Rays entire, or emarginate at the apex, yellow. 
* Lewes petioled: achenia narrowly wedge-shaped, 2-toothed or awned : scales of the ` Se 
involucre equal, the outer ones separate. 
2. C. aurea, Ait. Stem smooth, mach branched ; leaves smooth oth or slight- dE 
_ 1y pubescent, 5- 7-parted ; the divisions oblong or lanceolate, serrat 
