238 COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
2. V. Virginica, L. Stem 3-winged; the branches mostly wingless, to- 
mentose ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, irregularly serrate or sinuate-lobed, 
tapering into winged petioles, rough above, downy beneath; corymbs cymose; 
rays 3—4, oval, white; achenia winged. (V. sinuata, Ell.) — Dry open woods, 
Florida and northward. Sept. — Stem 2° — 6° high. 
55. FLAVERIA, Juss. 
Heads few-flowered, discoid, or with a single pistillaté ray. Involucre of 3-5 
oblong nearly equal scales. Receptacle naked. Achenia oblong or club-shaped, 
smooth, striate. Pappus none. — Tropical herbs, with opposite leaves, and 
densely clustered heads of yellow flowers. 
1. F. linearis, Lagasca. Stem somewhat prostrate at the base, branched — 
above, smoothish ; leaves fleshy, linear, connate, entire; corymb dense; scales. 
of the involucre mostly 5; ray often wanting. — Key West. — Stem 19-2? 
high. 4 
56. GAILLARDIA, Foug. 
Heads many-flowered ; the rays neutral, deciduous. Scales of the involucre 
in 3 rows, acute, spreading above. Receptacle convex or hemispherical, naked 
or fimbrillate. Rays wedge-shaped, palmately 3-lobed. Corolla of the disk 
with subulate lobes. Achenia top-shaped, hairy. Pappus of 6-10 membrana- 
ceous 1-nerved awned scales. — Pubescent branching herbs, with alternate leaves, 
and solitary heads of yellow or purple flowers terminating the branches. = 
1. G. lanceolata, Michx. Stem (1°- 29) with long and slender branch- 
es; leaves narrow-lanceolate, mostly entire, sessile, the lowest narrowed at the 
base; rays yellow, sometimes wanting; disk-flowers purple; receptacle naked; 
scales of the pappus 7-9.— Dry pine barrens, Florida to South Caroline. 
July - Sept. 
57. PALAFOXIA, Lagasca. 
Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers pistillate, or none. Scales of the ob- 
conical involucre in 2 rows, membranaceous at the summit. Receptacle flat, 
naked. Achenia slender, 4-angled, tapering at the base. Pappus of 6-12 
membranaceous denticulate scales, pointed by the prolonged rigid midrib. — 
Herbs or shrubs, with narrow entire leaves, and heads of white or pied flow- 
ers in a terminal corymb. ü 
l. P. integrifolia, Torr. & Gray. Stem (29 high) branched above 
smoothish ; leaves lanceolate, rough ; the lower ones often opposite ; rays none; 
flowers purplish ; scales of the pappus 8- 9, linear-subulate. (Polypteris inte- 
grifolia, Nutt.) — Dry pine barrens, Georgia and Florida. July- Sept. 
58. HYMENOPAPPUS, L'Herit. 
Heads many-fowered ; the flowers all tubular and perfect. s NE 
volucre 6-12, oval or obovate, membranaceous, white. Receptacle nakeC — 
ve em Potitus digitis, MM 
