COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 239 
thin scales. — Hoary or woolly herbs, with alternate pinnately lobed or divided 
leaves. Heads corymbed. Flowers commonly white. 
1. H. seabiosseus, L'Herit Hoary-tomentose ; stem corymbosely 
branched ; leaves pinnatifid or the lowest bipinnatifid, with lanceolate or oblong 
divisions ; scales of the involucre broadly obovate, longer than the disk ; pappus 
minute. — Light dry soil, Florida to South Carolina, and westward. April and 
May.— Stem 2? high. Leaves at length smoothish above. 
59. HELENIUM, L. 
Heads many-flowered, radiate; the rays pistillate, wedge-shaped, 3 - 5-cleft. 
Scales of the involucre in 2 rows; the outer ones linear or subulate, spreading, 
the inner fewer and chaffy. Receptacle naked, convex, globose, or oblong. Co- 
rolla of the disk 4 —5-toothed. Achenia top-shaped, furrowed, hairy. Pappus 
of 5-8 membranaceous pointed or awned I-nerved scales. — Erect branching 
herbs, with the stem winged by the alternate decurrent leaves. Heads terminat- 
ing the branches. Flowers mostly yellow. 
* Disk globose : corolla of the disk mostly 5-cleft. 
1. H. autumnale, L. Smooth or minutely pubescent; leaves lanceolate 
or oblong, serrate, strongly decurrent ; scales of the involucre linear-subulate ; 
scales of the pappus ovate-lanceolate, denticulate, awn-pointed ; rays 3— 5-cleft, 
longer than the disk.— Damp soil, Florida, and northward. Aug. and Sept. — 
Stem 2°-4° high. Achenia hairy. 
2. H. parviflorum, Nutt. Smooth leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceo- 
late, sparingly serrulate, scarcely decurrent ; scales of the involucre filiform ; 
rays 3-cleft, narrow; achenia smooth; pappus awned.— Georgia, Nuttall. — 
Heads smaller than the last. 
3. H. tenuifolium, Nutt. Smooth; stem slender, very leafy ; leaves 
harrow-linear, entire; heads on long and slender peduncles ; scales of the in- 
voluere subulate ; scales of the pappus ovate, entire, abruptly awned ; achenia 
villous. — Road-sides, West Florida, and westward. September. — Stem 19 — 29 
high. Branches erect. 
* * Disk conical or oblong : corolla mostly 4-cleft. 
4. H. quadridentatum, Labill. Smoothish ; lowest leaves aiai 
Pinnatifid ; the upper ones lanceolate, entire; rays shorter than the oblong disk ; 
scales of the pappus roundish, obtuse. — River-banks and damp soil, North Car- 
olina, and westward. (@ — Stem much branched, 1? - 3? high. 
60. LEPTOPODA, Nutt. 
Heads many-flowered, radiate; the rays neutral, 3-4-cleft. Disk-flowers 
1-5-toothed. Scales of the involucre in 1-2 rows, spreading ; the exterior - 
leafy, numerous; the interior short and chaffy. Receptacle conical or hemi- : 
spherical, naked. Achenia short, truncate at each end, striate. Pappus of 6-12 — 
Searious toothed or fimbriate scales. — Ic meena Stems mostly 
