COMPOSITZ. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 247 
* Leaves decurrent. 
1. C. lanceolatum, Scop. Stem hairy, branched; leaves pinnatifid, 
spiny, hirsute above, woolly beneath; scales of the involucre webby, tipped 
with strong erect spines; flowers purple.— Banks of the Savannah River at 
Augusta to North Carolina, and northward. Introduced. Sept. ®© — Stem 
29 - 3° high. 
* * Leaves sessile. 
+ Scales of the involucre tipped with spreading spines. 
2. C. discolor, Spreng. Stem tall, hirsute, the branches leafy to the sum- 
mit ; leaves deeply pinnatifid, smoothish, or with scattered hairs above, hoary- 
tomentose beneath; the divisions 2 — 3-lobed, pointed with a spine, and ciliate on 
the margins ; scales of the involucre narrow, webby, tipped with a very slender 
spreading spine ; flowers purple. — Margins of fields, &c. in the upper districts. 
 July-Sept. @—Stem 3°-6° high. Lower leaves 6/-12' long. Heads 
about 1’ in diameter. 
3. C. altissimum, Spreng. Stem tall, pubescent; the branches leafy to 
the summit; leaves rough-pubescent above, hoary-tomentose beneath, fringed 
with fine prickles ; the lowest petioled, pinnatifid; the upper sessile, entire or 
pinnately lobed; heads bracted; scales of the involucre webby when young, 
tipped with a weak prickle; flowers purple. — Fields and thickets, Mississippi - 
to North Carolina, and northward. Aug. and Sept.— Stem 39-109 high. 
Heads about 1' in diameter. Involucre somewhat viscid. 
4. C. Nuttallii, DC. Stem angled, paniculately branched, smooth or 
hairy; the branches naked at the summit ; leaves clasping, soft-hairy, becoming 
smoothish above, pinnatifid; the numerous spreading lobes lanceolate, 3-toothed, 
tipped with strong spines, and ciliate on the margins; heads numerous, small, 
bractless ; scales of the involucre appressed, viscid, tipped with a short, at length 
Spreading prickle ; corolla white or pale purple. (Cnicus glaber, Ell.) — Dry 
light soil, Florida to South Carolina. July and Aug.— Stem 3°-8° high. 
Heads 8” -10” in diameter. 
5. C. Virginianum, Michx. Stem slender, simple or sparingly branched, 
. hoary-tomentose ; leaves linear, or linear-lanceolate, rigid, smooth above, hoary 
beneath; the margins revolute, toothed or pinnatifid, and spiny; scales of the 
involucre viscid, spiny; flowers purple. — Pine-barren swamps, Florida, and 
northward. Aug. and Sept.— Stem 29-3? high. Heads }/in diameter. ——— 
“+ + Scales of the involucre spineless, or the outer ones spine-pointed. 
6. C. muticum, Michx. Stem tall, branching, commonly hairy; leaves 
With scattered hairs above, pubescent or at length nearly smooth beneath, bristly- 
ciliate on the margins, deeply pinnatifid; the lobes lanceolate, 2 — 3-toothed, 
Spiny; scales of the inyolucre unarmed, webby, viscid ; flowers purple.— 
Swamps in the upper districts. Aug. and Sept.— Stem 3°- 8° high. Heads | 
l'in diameter. | ^ E 
7. Q. Lecontei, Torr. & Gray. Stem. simple, or with 1- — a 
entie, the margins fiel with Le hair, and spiny; esie rho 
