248 COMPOSITA. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
natifid ; scales of the involucre cuspidate, viscid, not webby ; flowers purple. — 
Pie heats swamps, Florida, Georgia, and westward. July and Aug. — per 
2° -3° high, rigid. Heads 1’ in diameter. 
8. C. repandum, Michx. Webby throughout when young; stem simple, 
very leafy ; leaves oblong-linear, clasping, the margins undulate and closely 
fringed with bristly spines; heads mostly solitary ; flowers purple. — Dry pine 
barrens, Florida to North Carolina. June and July. — Stem 1° - 2° high. 
9. C. horridulum, Michx. Webby when young, at length smoothish; 
stem thick, branching; leaves clasping, pinnatifid, armed with long and stout 
spines ; heads large, surrounded by a whorl of linear pectinate spiny bracts; 
scales of the involucre linear-subulate, spine-pointed ; flowers purple or yellow- 
ish. — Sandy soil, Florida, and northward. April and May.— Stem 19-39. 
high, often purple. 
79. LAPPA, Tourn. Burpocx. 
Heads many-flowered, discoid ; the flowers all perfect and similar. Scales of 
the globose involucre ibit coriaceous, with subulate spreading hooked 
tips. Receptacle flat, bristly. Achenia oblong, compressed, transversely rugose. 
Pappus of numerous short caducous bristles. Anthers caudate at the base. — 
Biennial branching herbs, with large cordate petioled leaves. Heads small. 
Flowers purple or white. 
1. L. major, Gert. Leaves undulate on the margins, pubescent beneath; 
the uppermost ovate; heads corymbose ; involucre smooth or webby. — Waste 
places, North Carolina, Introduced from Europe. 
SUBORDER IL. LABIATIFLOR X. 
Teee VI. MUTISIACEJE. Heads with the flowers dissimilar or rarely di 
cious; the marginal ones pistillate or neutral, ligulate or bilabiate: style as in 
Tribe V. 
80. CHAPTALIA, Vent. 
Heads many-flowered, radiate. Ray-flowers pistillate, in two rows, the i 
ones ligulate, the inner ones ligulate or 3— 5-toothed and filiform. —Disk-flo 
perfect but sterile, bilabiate, the outer lip 3-cleft, the inner 2-cleft. Anthers om : 
date. Scales of the cylindrical involucre lanceolate, acute, imbricated in few 
rows. Receptacle naked. Fertile achenia oblong, smooth, narrowed at each end. - 
Pappus of numerous bristly hairs, — Stemless perennial herbs; the simple scape 
bearing a single head of white or purplish flowers. Leaves smooth above, white 
tomentose beneath. 
1. C. tomentosa, Vent.— Low pine barrens, Florida to North esee 
vi mee cap Mt d Leaves mannaia 
