422 CUPULIFERZ. (OAK FAMILY.) 
— Dry gravelly or sandy soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. — A small 
tree. Leaves 4/—9/ long. Intermediate forms between this and No. 7 are not 
uncommon. zi m 
* * * Leaves long-petioled, sinuate-pinnatifid, bristle-awned, deciduous. 
+— Leaves smooth or nearly so. 
7. Q. Catesbsei, Michx. (Turxey-Oax.) Leaves somewhat coriaceous, 
broad, narrowed into a short petiole, deeply pinnatifid; the lobes very acute 
from a broad base, spreading, mostly falcate and entire ; fruit rather large, short- 
peduncled ; cup thick, turbinate, with broad obtuse scales, enclosing half of the 
ovoid nut; the upper scales inflexed and lining the inner edge of the cup.— 
Dry pine barrens, Florida to North Carolina. — A small tree. Leaves 6'-9' 
long. 
8. Q. tinctoria, Bart. (Brack Oax.) Leaves obovate-oblong, with 
deep or shallow open sinuses, and about 6 sharply-toothed lobes, obtuse or trun- 
cate at the base, pubescent when young, at length only in the axils of the veins 
beneath ; cup top-shaped, with broad scales, enclosing about half of the round- 
ish depressed nut. (Q. discolor, Ait.) — Dry woods, chiefly in the upper dis- 
tricts, and northward. — A làrge tree, with the outer bark dark-brown, the inner 
thick and yellow. Leaves turning light-brown after frost. Nuts 6 — 8” long. 
9. Q. coccinea, Wang. (Scarter Oax.) Leaves long-petioled, oval or 
oblong, with deep and broad sinuses, and 6 — 8 entire or sparingly toothed lobes, : 
truncate at the base, smooth and shining on both sides; cup top-shaped, with 
coarse scales, enclosing one half or one third of the ovoid nut. — Dry woods, 
Florida, and northward ; more abundant in the upper districts. — A large ee 
not easily distinguished from the preceding, and probably only a form of it. 
Leaves turning bright scarlet after frost. 
10. Q. rubra, L. (Rep Oax.) Leaves oblong, with open shallow sinuses, 
and 8-12 entire or sharply toothed lobes, smooth on both sides, paler beneath ; 
fruit large, cup shallow, flat, with fine scales, enclosing the base of the ovate OF 
oblong nut. — Rocky woods, Florida, and northward. — A large tree. Leaves 
turning dark red after frost Nut 1/ long. 
= 11. Q. Georgiana, M. A. Curtis. Shrubby; leaves small, very smooth, 
somewhat obovate, wedge-shaped at the base, with deep or shallow open sinuses, 
and 3-5 triangular-lanceolate entire acute or obtuse lobes; fruit short-pedun- 
cled; cup smooth and shining, saucer-shaped, enclosing one third of the ora 
globose nut.— Stone Mountain, Georgia, Ravenel. — Shrub 69 — 8° high, grow" : 
Ang in clusters. Leaves 3'-4'long. Fruit abundant. Nut j'long. 
C CN + + Leaves tomentose beneath. "o 
. 12. Q. falcata, Michx. (Srawism Oax.) Leaves oblong, rounded at l 
base, 3— 5-lobed ; the lobes entire or sparingly toothed at the apex, dew 
— mmor j narrow and elongated; fruit rather small; cup somewhat top- 
scales, enclosing half of the globular nuf.— Var. PAG : -— 
aves, with 11 —13 nearly opposite and spreading 7 
northward.—A large tree. Leaves 4— 
long. $ tuat HE V pe ea E. 
