424 CUPULIFERZ. (OAK FAMILY.) 
Var. monticola, Michx. (Rock Curstnut-Oax.) (Q. montana, Willd.) 
A smaller tree (30°-40° high), with more compact and durable wood; fruit 
smaller; nut oblong. — Rocky woods along the mountains. 
Var. Michauxii. (Q. Michauxii, Nutt.) Iseaves smaller (4'—5' long), 
rather rigid, velvety beneath, often obtuse or slightly cordate at the base; nut 
ovate (13/ long). — Low ground, Florida to South Carolina. — A large tree. 
* "Var. discolor, Michx. Leaves obovate, acute at the base, coarsely and 
obtusely toothed or somewhat lobed, dark-green above, white-tomentose beneath ; 
fruit long-peduncled, tubercular, hemispherical; nut oblong-ovate (1 long). 
(Q. bicolor, Willd.) — Swamps along the mountains. — A large tree. 
19. Q. Castanea, Willd. (CmesrNur-Oak.) Leaves oblong, varying 
to lanceolate, acuminate, sharply toothed, with the points incurved, mostly acute 
at the base, smooth above, paler and minutely pubescent or glaucous beneath ; 
fruit small, sessile or short-peduncled ; cup hemispherical, with flat scales, en- 
closing one'third of the oblong nut. — Rocky woods, West Florida to Missis- 
sippi, and northward. — A large or middle-sized tree. Leaves 3'-6' long. Nut 
7" — 9" long. 
90. Q. prinoides, Willd. (CuiwQvarrN-Oax.) Shrubby ; leaves lance- 
olate-oblong, acute at each end, acutely toothed, smooth above, white-tomentose 
beneath ; fruit small, mostly sessile; cup hemispherical, with flat scales, enclos- 
ing about one half of the round-ovate nut. (Q. Chinquapin, Pursh.) — Barren 
soil in the upper districts, and northward. — Shrub 29-69 high. Leaves 3-4 
long. Nut 8'!— 9" long. 
2. CASTANEA, Tourn. CHESTNUT. 
Sterile flowers in separate clusters, in long erect cylindrical aments. Calyx 
5-6-parted. Stamens 8-15: anthers 2-celled. Fertile flowers 1 -3, enc 
in the bell-shaped, at length globose, 4-valved and very prickly involucre. Calyx 
5-6-lobed, superior. Abortive stamens 5-12. Ovary 3-6-celled. Ovules 
single or by pairs in each cell. Stigmas 3 - 6, bristle-like, spreading. Nats 1-3, 
roundish, compressed, or plano-convex. Cotyledons very thick. — Trees OF 
shrubs, with oblong petioled sharply-serrate straight-veined leaves. 3 
1. C. vesca, L. (Cuestnut.) Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 
coarsely serrate, smooth on both sides ; nuts mostly 3, the middle one M. : 
the 2 outer ones plano-convex, dark brown.— Dry woods, West Florida, and oa 
northward. April. — A large tree. Leaves 6' —7! long. i 
_ 2. C. pumila, Michx. (CmiwQuarrw.) Leaves oblong, acute, or Oe 
oe finely serrate, hoary-tomentose beneath; nuts solitary, nearly gl E EAT uc. 
Mull., a form with larger leaves and nuts.) — Dry sandy soil, Florida, an 1 dt : 
- May. — A large shrub or small tree. Leaves, involucre, 
smaller | those of the preceding. 
