542 CYPERACE®. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 
Swamps and low grounds, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. — Culms 
very slender, 1°-2° high. 
54. C. juncea, Willd. “Spikes 2-4, slender, erect, brownish purple, the 
sterile one filiform, the fertile loosely-flowered, somewhat remote, the lowest on 
an exserted peduncle; perigynia 3-angled, spindle-shaped, rough at the apex, 
with the orifice entire ; scales ovate, obtuse, and longer than the perigynia, or 
lanceolate, mucronate, and about equalling them.” Boott. (C. miser, Buckley.) 
— Summit of Roan Mountain, North Carolina, Buckley. — Leaves somewhat 
bristle-form, shorter than the culm. 1 
tt Spikes cylindrical or oblong, densely many-flowered : perigynia ovate or roundish. 
55. C. scabrata, Schw. Sterile spike short, single; fertile spikes 4-5, 
rather distant, on erect exserted peduncles; perigynia ovate, rough, spreading, 
with few rather prominent nerves, tapering into a 2-cleft beak, longer than the 
oblong acute brownish scale. — Shady swamps, North Carolina, and northward. 
— Culms (19-139 high) and broadly linear thin leaves very rough. Burn 
leaf-like, destitute of sheaths. 
56. C. flacca, Schreb. Sterile spikes 1-2, long and rigid; fertile spikes 
2-3, cylindrical, all on drooping peduncles, commonly sterile at the summit ; 
perigynia yellowish, compressed-3-angled, round-elliptical, slightly roughened, 
*emarginate or entire at the orifice, longer than the oblong obtuse or pointed black 
scale. — Marshes, Alabama to North Carolina (Curtis), and northward.— Culms 
1°-2° high, rough-angled, longer than the rigid glaucous leaves. 
57. C. glaucescens, Ell Sterile spike single, long-peduncled ; fertile 
spikes 4 - 10, cylindrical (1/~2! long), all on long and drooping peduncles, mostly 
sterile at the summit; lowest bract exceeding the culm, the others shorter and 
bristle-like ; perigynia glaucous, ovate, compressed-3-angled, nerveless, except af 
the angles, narrowed into an emarginate point, longer than the brown rough- 
awned scale. — Pine-barren ponds, Florida to North Carolina. — Culms 2° -4° 
high, rough-angled above. Leaves glaucous, as long as the culms, bristlelike at 
the summit. 
58. C. verrucosa, Ell. Sterile spikes 1-3, sessile or short- uncled, 
often with fertile flowers variously intermixed ; fertile spikes 4 — 10, cylindrical 
or oblong, the upper ones sessile and erect, the lower long-peduncled, and droop: 
ing; perigynia glaucous, globose-obovate, 3-angled, strongly nerved, abruptly 
contracted into a short and entire point, about as long as the brown TONE” 
awned scale.— Margins of ponds and rivers, Florida to North Carolina. — 
Culms, leaves, and bracts as in the preceding. 
b m > acute scale; stigmas elongated. — Banks of the : 
