556 GRAMINEZ. (GRASS FAMILY.) 
16. SPARTINA, Schreb Marsu-Grass. 
Rigid perennial grasses, growing chiefly in saline marshes, with simple culms, 
concave or convolute leaves, and flattened 1-ftowered spikelets, closely imbricated 
in two rows on one side of the triangular rachis, forming appressed or spreading 
alternate spikes. Glumes 2, unequal, acute or short-awned, commonly bristly- 
serrulate on the keel; the upper mostly longer than the unequal awnless paler. 
Stamens 1-3. Styles long, united below, or nearly distinct. Grain free. 
* Leaves convolute, rush-like. 
1. S. juncea, Willd. Spikes 3-9, remote, erect; glumes hispid-serrulate 
on the keel, the upper 2-3 times longer than the lower one; lower palea, and 
sometimes the upper also, rough above. — Sandy or marshy places along the 
coast, Florida, and northward. July and Aug. — Culms 1? — 3? high. Leaves 
pungent. Spikes 1/—2'long. Stamens 1-3. 
2. S. gracilis, Hook. Spikes 15-30, closely imbricated in a cylindrical 
spike, the lowest rather distinct ; glumes hispid on the back, the upper one third 
longer than the lower one, obtuse, mucronate ; pale obtuse, the lower rough on 
the back, the upper smooth. — Sandy saline swamps, West Florida. July and 
Aug. — Culms (19 - 2° high) and rush-like leaves very rigid. Common spike 
4'—6'long. Proper spikes 4" —6'' long. 
* ** Leaves concave or flat. 
3. S. polystachya, Willd. Spikes numerous, spreading ; upper glume 
and nearly equal palez slightly roughened, 2-3 times longer than the lower 
one; leaves broad (1/—13/), concave, very rough on the margins. — Brackish 
marshes, Florida to North Carolina. Aug. and Sept.— Culms stout, 4°-8° 
high. Spikes 2! — 3' long, racemed. 
4. S. glabra, Muhl. Spikes numerous, appressed to the common rachis ; 
upper glume linear, obtuse, 3 times the length of the lower one, and, like the 
pales, very smooth ; leaves concave, smooth on the margins. — Salt marshes, 
Florida, and northward. Aug. and Sept. — Culms 29- 4? high. Leaves nar- 
rower than the last, elongated. 
17. GYMNOPOGON, Beanv. 
Low perennial grasses, with short and crowded distichous spreading leaves. 
Spikelets appressed, scattered on the straight and at length reflexed branches of 
the simple panicle, consisting of one perfect flower, and the awn-like pedicel of a 
second flower above. Glumes 2, subulate, hispid-serrulate. Pales 2, shorter 
than the glumes, the lower one awned under the apex. Stamens 3. - 
i G. racemosus, Beauv. Culms (1° high) rigid; leaves lanceolate 
(14'- 2long); branches of the panicle bearing the linear spikelets from the 
the pedicel of 
