72 



THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



Stems about 0.3-0.75 m long or more, ascending or diffuse, rather weak, angular and 

 furrowed, greenish brown, glabrous, with slender patent or retrorse prickles. Leaves 

 5-foliolate; petioles long, slender, glabrous, with a few retrorse prickles; stipules subulate; 

 leaflets thin, glabrous on both sides, sharply doubly toothed, ovate, with a long point, more 

 or less acute at the base, shortly stalked or sessile, the terminal one longer stalked, broader 

 and larger, more suddenly contracted into a long tip, roundish or subcordate at the base. 

 Flowering branches slightly pubescent and sparingly prickly; the leaves 3-foliolate, the 

 uppermost simple; petioles puberulous, stipules lanceolate. Flowers 5-13, in rather short 

 racemes; bracts lanceolate; pedicels slender, finely pubescent, unarmed; calyx almost 

 glabrous or finely puberulent, lobes ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate, tomentose inside; petals 

 oblong, 12 mm long. Fruit half round, black, rather small and dry, drupelets few, glabrous. 

 Eastern North America; from Nova Scotia to Massachusetts and New 

 York, in woods. 



Series 9. AUeghenienses. Bailey Gent. Herb. 1:183. 1923. 



Plants mostly stout; canes pubescent when young and glandular, glabrous when old, 

 angled and furrowed and armed with strong prickles. Leaves 5-foliolate, leaflets pubescent 

 underneath, ovate and pointed, usually long stalked, especially the terminal ones; petioles 

 and petiolules prickly, pubescent or villous and mostly glandular. Inflorescence racemose, 

 usually many flowered and elongate, leafy bracted only at the base (except R. alumnus), 

 more or less pubescent and glandular (except R. pergratus), and somewhat prickly. This 

 group contains many important cultivated varieties of blackberries. 



A. Inflorescence not glandular, pedicels villous or pubescent R. pergratus 



AA. Inflorescence glandular 



B. Inflorescence leafy bracted, flowers very large R. alumnus 



BB. Inflorescence leafy only at the base 

 C. Racemes long 

 D. Plants stout, tall, erect; terminal and lateral leaflets more or less cordate. . . . 



R. allegheniensis 

 DD. Plants dwarf, ascending; terminal leaflet rounded, lower ones pointed at the 



base R. flavinanus 



CC. Racemes short 



D. Young canes, petioles and petiolules glandular R. frondisentis 



DD. Young canes, petioles and petiolules not glandular R. andrewsianus 



Rubus allegheniensis. Porter Bui. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 153. 1896; Gray New Man. 

 7th Ed. 489. 1911; Rydberg N. Am. Fl. 22:464. 1913; Focke Spec. Rub. 3:(3i3) 89. 

 1914; Bailey Stand. Cyc. Hort. 5:3031. 1916; Bailey Gent. Herb. 1:183. 1923. 



R. villosus. Bigelow F/. Bost. 122. 1814; Focke Spec. Rub. 3: (313) 81. 1914; not 

 Thunberg 1784; not Alton 1789. 



R. villosus var. sativus. Bailey Amer. Gard. 11:719. 1890 



R. nigrobaccus. Ba.i\ey Ev. Nat. Fruits ^yg. iSg&; Card Bush-Fr. ^24. 1898. 



R. nigrobaccus var. sativus. Bailey Ev. Nat. Fruits 379. 1898. 



R. sativus. Brainerd Rhodora 2:26. 1900. 



Common High-bush Blackberry. — Vigorous shrub; canes vigorous, erect, arching 

 above, 0.9-2 m high and more, obtusely angled and furrowed, sparingly puberulous 



