58 THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



hooked prickles, pubescent or glabrescent ; leaflets more or less ovate, acute, irregularly or 

 lobately doubly sharjjly toothed, green on both sides, with scattered hairs above and often 

 more densely pubescent beneath ; terminal leaflet much larger, mostly with cordate or also 

 with roundish base. Flowering branches varying in length from 5-25 cm, pubescent, 

 slightly angular, beset with weak prickles. Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 

 lateral leaflets sessile, all with a roundish base, and deeply often lobately toothed; upper 

 ones simple, ovate or cordate-ovate. Flowers corymbose, few to 10 or more, terminal or 

 from the upper axils. Pedicels mostly forked, of various length, densely velvety pubes- 

 cent, more or less densely beset with spreading or slightly reflexed bristly prickles, often 

 undermixed with dark-stalked glands. Calyx and the deltoid-lanceolate, long-pointed 

 calyx -lobes villous- tomentose, with more or less numerous spreading bristles and glands; 

 petals of the staminate flowers almost elliptic, 15-18 mm long, white, those of the pistil- 

 late flowers smaller. Fruit roundish or elongate, black, sweet; drupelets glabrous or 

 puberulous. 



British Columbia to south California and eastward to Idaho; chiefly 

 along the coast, in the San Bernardino Mountains up to 3000 feet; first 

 discovered by Douglas on banks of rivers and in low woods in the valley 

 of the Columbia. It is a strong shrub with deep-growing roots and in places 

 is a troublesome weed. It flowers from March to July, according to the 

 locality. There is great variation in shape and size of the leaves, their 

 dentation, and the degree of hairiness and the presence or absence of prickles 

 and glands on the pedicels and calyx. 



The following pomological varieties belong to R. macropetalus: Belle of 

 Washington, Cazadero, Humboldt, Skagit Chief, and Washington Climbing. 

 R. helleri. Rydberg A^ .4m. F/. 22:460. 1913. 



This is a form with smaller and more obtuse leaflets occurring in 

 Washington and Vancouver Island. 



Rubus vitifolius. Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea 2:10. 1827; Schneider /W. Hdb. Laubh. 

 1:508. 1905; Rydberg A'. Am. Fl. 22:459. 1913; Bailey G^e/z/. Herb. 1:154. 1923. 



R. ursinus var. vitifolius. Focke Spec. Rub. 2:303. 1914. 



Canes terete, pubescent, at length glabrescent, often glaucous, with scattered, slender, 

 straight or slightly curved prickles. Leaves of turions 3-foliolate or 3-lobed; petioles, petio- 

 lules and midveins pubescent and prickly; stipules lanceolate-subulate, hirsute; leaflets 

 shortly pointed or obtuse, doubly or irregularly dentate, slightly hairy or glabrescent, termi- 

 nal leaflet or lobe larger. Flowering branches varying in length, angular, pubescent and with 

 scattered, straight prickles. Lower leaves 3-foliolate, the middle ones or all simple, some- 

 what 3-lobed or roundish, irregularly or doubly dentate, teeth usually large. Flowers 

 corymbose, 2-5, on rather long pedicels; pedicels pubescent with more or less numerous, 

 spreading, yellowish prickles; calyx and the long acuminate often crenately tipped calyx- 

 lobes strongly pubescent and bristly, but not glandidar. Petals of the staminate flowers 

 large, oblong, white. 



