THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 35 



Rubus spectabilis. Pursh Fl. Am. Sept. 1:348. 1814; Card Biish-Fr. 322, fig. 60. 

 1898; Focke Spec. Rub. 2:142. 191 1; Rydberg N. Am. Fl. 22:440. 1913; Bailey Stand. 

 Cyc. Hort. 5:^026. igi6; Bailey Gent. Herb. i:ij^y. 1923. 



Salmonberry. — Erect shmb, reaching 2-5 m, freely suckering; new canes armed 

 with fine prickles at the base, smooth for the rest, terete. Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules 

 linear or subulate ; petiole slender, glabrous, rarely with a few fine prickles ; lateral leaflets 

 sessile, obliquely ovate, acute, terminal one larger, ovate or rhomboid, acuminate, round or 

 subcordate at the base, 4-10 cm long, incisedly double serrate, all rather thin, glabrous and 

 green on both sides. Flowers showy, usually solitary' or 2-3, terminal on small sideshoots; 

 peduncles slender, glabrous, with or without a small bract below the middle. CaljTc- 

 lobes ovate, acute, pubescent with adpressed hairs. Petals elliptic, pointed, rose colored, 

 twice as long as the calyx-lobes. Stamens and styles numerous. Fruit large, ovoid, orange- 

 yellow, or dark wine-red, 15-20 mm long and 12-15 rnm across, edible. 



Western North America; from Alaska south to Idaho and California, 

 common in wet woods, along streams, etc. This plant is hardy in England 

 and many parts of Europe, where it is grown as an ornamental shrub. It 

 is hardy at Geneva, but it does not reach more than about 3 feet and seldom 

 flowers. It is not very productive even in its native home, although the 

 fruits are handsome and agreeable, but perhaps it may be used in cross- 

 fertilization with other hardier and more productive kinds. The orange- 

 yellow or salmon-colored berries are said to be the better flavored ones, 

 while the dark wine-colored berries have a bitter after taste. The two kinds 

 grow together and are indistinguishable, except by the color of the fruit. 



Hybrids are recorded with R. idaeus, R. idaeur, var. mburnifolius and with R. idaeus 

 var. canadensis. A closely allied species is the following: 



Rubus franciscanus. Rydberg A'. .4 «!. F/. 22:441. 19 13. 



Ritbtis spectabilis var. Menziesii. Watson Bot. Cal. 1:172. 1S76; not R. menziesii. 

 Hooker. 18^2. 



Very similar in habit and structure to R. spectabilis, but the stems hairy at first, the 

 leaves of a firmer texture, hairy above and densely white or grayish tomentose underneath ; 

 flowering branches, petioles, and peduncles equally hirsute; calyx-lobes densely silky from 

 long adpressed shining hairs. 



Central California to southern Oregon; chiefly in the Redwood belt. This 

 is quite a distinct and very attractive species, but sometimes intermediate 

 forms are encountered. 



Rubus macraei. Gray L^ 5. Expl. Exp. 505, PI. 57. 1858; Focke S^ec. Rub. 2:143. 

 191 1 ; Rock Jour. Hered. 2:147. 192 1; U. S. D. A. Biir. PI Indust. Invent. 67, 87, PI. VI. 

 1923. 



Akalaberry, Hawaian Giant Raspberry. — Stems procumbent, tomentose or pubescent 

 and with fine bristly prickles. Stipules subulate. Leaves 3-foliolate, those of the flowering 



