34 THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



R. crataegifolius. Bunge Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 2:98. 1835; Card Bush-Fr. 310. 

 1S98; Focke Spec. Rub. 2:137. 1911; Bailey Stand. Cyc. Hort. 5:3026. 1916; Bailey 

 Gent. Herb. 1:147. 1923- 



Canes erect, arching and branched at the top, 1-2 m high, black or red brown, furrowed 

 and armed with a few small straight prickles. Leaves green, glabrate or downy beneath, 

 simple, cordate-ovate, acute, 3- to 5-lobed and palmately veined, lobes acute, the middle 

 one larger, contracted at its base, the margins coarsely unequally serrate and notched 

 petioles and midveins beneath pubescent and amied with scattered hooked prickles 

 stipules linear-lanceolate. Flowering branches pubescent, leaves often only 3-lobed 

 flowers small, few or several, fascicled or clustered in a short racems, short stalked, a few 

 lower ones sometimes axillar and longer stalked; bracts lanceolate; caly.K more or less 

 pubescent, lobes ovate-deltoid, acuminate; petals white, about as long, elliptic, clawed, 

 crimped at the margins, spreading in the open flower; stamens in one row; pistils numerous, 

 glabrous. Fruit half round, shining deep or black blood red, edible. 



Northern China, Korea, and Japan; a robust plant with a spreading 

 rootstock, very hardy. On good soil the leaves of the turions reach 20-30 

 cm in diameter. Only the leaves on flowering shoots can be compared 

 with Crataegus; those of the turions resemble more the leaves of the maple. 

 Although the fruit is edible, it has been little cultivated as a fruit plant, but 

 has been recommended for planting on loose rough banks, where the strong 

 spreading rootstocks help to hold the soil. 



Rubus corchorifolius. Linnaeus fil. Suppl. Syst. Veget. 263. 1781; Focke Spec. 

 Rub. 2:131. 1911; Bailey Stand. Cyc. Hort. 5:3026. 1916. 



Spreading by suckers, 1.5-2.5 m high, canes terete, finely downy and with broad-based 

 straight prickles, branching near the top. Leaves simple, purplish when young, cordate- 

 ovate, 8-15 cm long or more, those of the new canes deeply 3-lobed, dull green above, 

 pubescent beneath, irregularly toothed; petiole much shorter than the blade, prickly as 

 well as the midveins. Flowers solitary or few together on short lateral twigs, white. 

 Fruit large, bright red, said to be delicious and of a vinous flavor. 



Japan, China; a rather variable species. Introduced by E. H. Wilson, 

 in 1907. It is cultivated in England; perhaps also in the United States. 

 Series 2. Spectabiles. Focke Spec. Rub. 2:142. 1911; Ibid 3:260. 1914. 

 Canes erect or procumbent. Leaves mostly temate ; flowering branches usually short ; 

 flowers mostly large and showy. 



Six species, natives of the Sandwich Islands and of the Pacific Coast 

 of North America. 

 A. Erect shrubs; canes smooth, only with a few prickles near the base; flowers pink or 

 rose colored 



■ B. Leaves and calyx glabrate or sparingly pubescent R. spectabilis 



BB. Leaves and calyx densely tomentose beneath R. franciscanus 



A A. Procumbent shrubs; canes tomentose and with fine bristly prickles; flowers pale. . . . 



R. macraei 



