28 THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



acute; lateral leaflets sometimes 2-cleft, terminal ones more or less rhombic-obovate 

 with a petiolule 5-7 mm long. Calyx-lobes narrowly lanceolate with a long point ; 

 petals oblanceolate attenuated into a long, yellowish claw, mostly 10-13 n^m long, rose 

 colored. 



Arctic and subarctic North America; from Alaska to Labrador, northern 

 Minnesota and Wyoming; perhaps also in the Old World. Differs from 

 R. arctic us chiefly in the more obtuse leaves, larger flowers, and narrower 

 sepals and by clawed petals. The two species are, however, very close and 

 not always easily separable. The fruits are edible but are not of great 

 value. 



Rubus pubescens. Ratin. Med. Repos. 3:2, 233. 1811; Rydberg jV. Am. Fl. 22:438. 

 1913; Bailey Stand. Cyc. Horl. 5:3023. 1916. 



R. americauus. Britton Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5:185. 1894; Card Bush-Fr. 314, 

 fig. 56. i8QS\Focke Spec. Rub. 1:2^. 1910. 



R. saxatilis var. americarms. Persoon Syn. 2:52. 1806. 



Dwarf Raspberry. — A slender perennial or subshrub, 30-90 cm high, sterile stems 

 flagelliform, procumbent, unarmed, flowering the following year; annual flowering stems 

 erect, weak, unarmed, and glabrous. Leaves 3-foliolate, on long slender petioles; stipules 

 obovate, obtuse; leaflets thin, all sessile or short stalked, the lower ones obliquely ovate- 

 lanceolate, the terminal one longer, all acute, all with mostly simple ovate teeth. Flowers 

 solitary or few together on slender pedicels, small; calyx-lobes ovate, acute, reflexed; 

 petals white, scarcely longer. Fruit red, with several drupelets. 



North America; from Newfoundland to British Columbia, south to 

 Montana, Colorado, Iowa, and New Jersey; in swamps and damp woods. 

 A very weak and thin-leaved plant; the fruit is of little importance. 

 Hybrids have been recorded with R. arcticus, R. acaulis, and lately with R. 

 hispidus. A near ally of this species is R. japonicus (Maxim.) Focke from 

 the mountain forests in Japan. 



R. saxatilis Linn, is another species of this relationship, with herbaceous 

 stems, small flowers, and red drupelets, easily segregating, however; it 

 occurs through northern Asia from Altai westward to Europe, and is reported 

 from southern Greenland. 



Rubus xanthocarpus. Bureau & Franchet in Moret Jour. Bot. 5:46. 1891; Focke 

 Spec. Rub. 1:29. 1910; Bailey Stand. Cyc. Hort. 5:3024. 1916. 



Perennial or subshrub with annual stems, i.e., dying down in the winter, 20-80 cm high 

 or rarely more, pilose and weak-spiny. Leaves pinnately, 3- to 5-foliolate. Leaflets 

 ovate, acute or obtuse, unequally serrate, terminal leaflet much larger, 6-10 cm long, acute; 

 petioles and midveins with recurved prickles. Flowers 1-2, terminal, mostly 6-parted 

 and rather large; peduncles and calyx prickly; petals narrow, white. Fruit orange-yellow, 

 with numerous drupelets, fragrant, somewhat like a raspberry', edible. 



