THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 155 



Gregg, but unfortunately has a somewhat shorter season. Black Pearl is about the best 

 raspberry for cold climates, and, on the other hand, stands hot, dry summers as well as 

 any other sort. Black Pearl was found as a chance seedling in a plantation of Kansas 

 in 1905 by Herman Krumrei, St. Joseph, Missouri. The variety was introduced by Hol- 

 singer Brothers, Rosedale, Kansas, in 1907. 



Plants above mediimi height, vigorous, upright-spreading, hardy, very productive, 

 variable in health, susceptible to anthracnose; canes very stocky, dull brownish red, heavily 

 glaucous; prickles numerous, slender, strong; leaflets usually 3, broadly lanceolate, small, 

 luxuriant dark green, rugose, with finely serrate margins; petiole rather long, of medium 

 thickness, glabrous, prickly. Flowers early; pedicels very short, pubescent. Fruit early, 

 ships well, appears to withstand drouth exceptionally well; large but variable, hemis- 

 pherical, glossy glack, adheres fairiy well to the torus; drupelets rather small, cohering 

 strongly so that the berries do not crumble; flesh firm, juicy, pleasantly sprightly, rich- 

 quality very good. 



Bonanza, i. Mo. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 141. 1890. 



Originated in 1888 on the grounds of W. C. Freeman, Greene County, Missouri. 

 Fruit described as juicy and with a peculiar aromatic flavor; a good keeper. 



Bronze Queen, i. Mo. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 182. 1886. 



Mentioned at a meeting of the Missouri Horticultural Society as being cultivated by a 

 Mr. Holman. Plants very vigorous, hardy, with immense canes rooting at the tips; fruit 

 a peculiar bronze color, sweet; very good. 



Burkhart i. Wash. Sta. Bui. 87:28. 1909. 



A chance seedling found about 1901 on the farm of Rev. F. Walden, Zillah, Washing- 

 ton; introduced by M. E. Burkliart, by whom it was named. It is supposed to be a seed- 

 ling of Gregg which it resembles. Plants very vigorous, healthy, drouth resistant and very 

 productive; foliage large, dark green; fruit large, pure black, firm, and of excellent quality. 



Bums. I. Horticultutist 28:352. 1872. 



Originated with A. M. Bums, Manhattan, Kansas, prior to 1872. Plants described 

 as drouth resistant, earlier and more productive than Doolittle; fruit medium in size and 

 quality. 



Calyx. I. Ohio Sta. Bui. 146:38. 1903. 



On trial at the Ohio Station. Described as a satisfactory sort; similar to Gregg in 



size, color, and season of fruit. 



Canada, i. Downing Fr. Trees Am. 964. 1869. 



Introduced into Ohio from Canada prior to 1869 by a gentleman who found plants in 

 cultivation along the Canadian shore of Lake Erie. Similar to Doolittle but later. 

 Carman, i. Rural N. Y. 45:621, fig. 360. 1886. 2. N. Y. Sta. Bui. 63:673. 1893- 



A chance seedling found in a fence comer about 1874, by A. H. Sherwood, Southport. 

 Connecticut. It was acquired by G. H. & J. H. Hale, South Glastonbury, Connecticut, 

 who named it Carman in honor of the editor of the Rural New-Yorker, and introduced it 

 about 1886. When tested at this Station it was considered one of the best eariy sorts. 



