326 THE SMALL FRUITS OF NEW YORK 



an old garden in Dunkirk, New York, about 1876 by Lewis Roesch of Fredonia, who prop- 

 agated it, later naming and introducing it in 1S94. Charles Downing once saw the fruit 

 and was of the opinion that it was an English variety renamed. Several varieties resemble 

 it very closely but since the name Chautauqua has now become familiar, it seems wise 

 to consider it a distinct sort. On the Pacific Coast Chautauqua is said to be identical with 

 Whitesmith, where the latter name is always used. Chautauqua was added to the recom- 

 mended fruit list of the American Pomological Society in 1897. 



Plants large, vigorous, upright-spreading, rather dense, productive to ver>' productive, 

 healthy ; young and older growth intermediate in stockiness and number of canes, reddish 

 green, the older wood with more scarf-skin mingled with brown and red; prickles thickish, 

 strong, long, numerous, thick at the base, 1-3 ; leaf-buds of medium size, long, lean, conical, 

 free; leaves cordate, medium in size, thickness and color, glossy, vary from smooth to 

 rugose, with rather obovate lobes and with bluntly crenate, somewhat hairy margins; 

 petiole of medium length, slender, greenish, pubescent near the base. Flowers midseason, 

 medium in size, mostly singly; pedicels medium in length and thickness, pubescent; cal5TC- 

 tube greenish red, pubescent; calyx-lobes meditmi in length, width and thickness, pubes- 

 cent, greenish red; ovary densely pubescent. Fruit midseason; adheres well, large, 

 roundish oval, attractive, silvery green; skin smooth, covered with bloom, thick, tough, 

 translucent; flesh pale green, juicy, firm, sweet or pleasantly sprightly near the skin; quality 

 good. 

 Cheerful, i. Jour. Hort. N. S. 29:158. 1875. 2. A^. Y. Sta. Bui. 114:22. 1897. 



Station plants of mediiun vigor; frmt of medium size, green, well flavored. 



Cheshire Lass. i. Lindley Guide Orch. Card. 177. 1831. 



As grown at this Station the plants are dwarfish, moderately vigorous, productive; 

 fruit small, roundish oval with skin thin and slightly hairy; fair. 

 Clayton, i. Jour. Hort. N. S. 7:150. 1864. 2. A''. Y. Sta. Bui. 114:22. 1897. 



As grown here the plants are vigorous, spreading, productive, susceptible to mildew; 

 fruit very large, somewhat oblong with thin skin, smooth or slightly downy near cah-x, 

 reddish brown with dark red on the exposed side; good. 



Columbus. I. U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt. 264. 1892. 2. Hedrick Cyc. Hardy Fr. 307, fig. 

 271. 1922. 



An old English sort of unknown origin. It was introduced in America by Ellwanger 

 & Barry, Rochester, New York, some time previous to 1890. It was listed by the American 

 Pomological Society in its fruit catalog in 1897. Plants vigorous, free from mildew; fruit 

 large, roundish oblong, greenish yellow, transparent, sweet; good. 



Como. 1. Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt. 229. 1921. 



A cross between Pearl and Columbus, which originated at the Minnesota Fruit Breed- 

 ing Farm, Excelsior, Minnesota, and was first designated as Minnesota No. 43. Plants 

 vigorous, productive; berries large, roundish or slightly oblong, green; fair. 



Companion, i. Can. Cent. Exp. Farm Bui. 56:25. 1907. 



Introduced into Canada from England about 1890. Fruit large, roundish, green tinged 

 with bronze, nearly smooth, sweet with astringent skin, pleasantly flavored; good. 



